{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163648239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2576768.2598366","title":"High dimensional search-based software engineering","display_name":"High dimensional search-based software engineering","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163648239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2576768.2598366","mag":"2163648239"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2576768.2598366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2576768.2598366","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067869262","display_name":"Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-7561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024207305","display_name":"Marouane Kessentini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marouane Kessentini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080575230","display_name":"Slim Bechikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1378-7415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slim Bechikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088394271","display_name":"Kalyanmoy Deb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7402-9939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalyanmoy Deb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003615384","display_name":"Mel \u00d3 Cinn\u00e9ide","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-7056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mel \u00d3 Cinn\u00e9ide","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067869262"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.1777,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99443377,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1263","last_page":"1270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.9620766639709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-based-software-engineering","display_name":"Search-based software engineering","score":0.7642308473587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6954826712608337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5797299146652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-metric","display_name":"Software metric","score":0.5222976207733154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.49621397256851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.49198004603385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.47256866097450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.4680746793746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4536716938018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-evolution","display_name":"Software evolution","score":0.4447687268257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-maintenance","display_name":"Software maintenance","score":0.4326529800891876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.41279366612434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.40593159198760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34781548380851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20576274394989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11480307579040527}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.9620766639709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139143892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441615","display_name":"Search-based software engineering","level":5,"score":0.7642308473587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6954826712608337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5797299146652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82214349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657339","display_name":"Software metric","level":5,"score":0.5222976207733154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.49621397256851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.49198004603385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.47256866097450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.4680746793746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4536716938018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202105479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265013","display_name":"Software evolution","level":5,"score":0.4447687268257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101317890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q940053","display_name":"Software maintenance","level":4,"score":0.4326529800891876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.41279366612434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.40593159198760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34781548380851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20576274394989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11480307579040527}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2576768.2598366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2576768.2598366","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ulir.ul.ie:10344/4360","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401530","display_name":"University of Limerick Institutional Repository (University of Limerick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","host_organization_name":"University of Limerick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3252617548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10/CE/I1855 to Lero","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5357995293","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10/CE/I1855","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1895087","https://openalex.org/W42958167","https://openalex.org/W61339854","https://openalex.org/W1015730839","https://openalex.org/W1487083903","https://openalex.org/W1588375755","https://openalex.org/W1591635931","https://openalex.org/W1595498733","https://openalex.org/W1613273921","https://openalex.org/W1840884391","https://openalex.org/W1968219458","https://openalex.org/W1977321274","https://openalex.org/W1988748355","https://openalex.org/W1997043306","https://openalex.org/W2001730430","https://openalex.org/W2018712218","https://openalex.org/W2018948722","https://openalex.org/W2020602307","https://openalex.org/W2022485595","https://openalex.org/W2024352272","https://openalex.org/W2025075564","https://openalex.org/W2027121241","https://openalex.org/W2039978418","https://openalex.org/W2044258615","https://openalex.org/W2069202293","https://openalex.org/W2085922383","https://openalex.org/W2089929273","https://openalex.org/W2091055889","https://openalex.org/W2092382400","https://openalex.org/W2099613036","https://openalex.org/W2108968575","https://openalex.org/W2116555342","https://openalex.org/W2117850004","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2130877788","https://openalex.org/W2136386226","https://openalex.org/W2138428785","https://openalex.org/W2139074146","https://openalex.org/W2139111262","https://openalex.org/W2143381319","https://openalex.org/W2147926599","https://openalex.org/W2148933727","https://openalex.org/W2151295763","https://openalex.org/W2153887189","https://openalex.org/W2154693991","https://openalex.org/W2287991107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186150085","https://openalex.org/W2605547445","https://openalex.org/W2010680342","https://openalex.org/W2069073539","https://openalex.org/W2104040631","https://openalex.org/W1985559452","https://openalex.org/W2027488246","https://openalex.org/W2116610783","https://openalex.org/W1966036917","https://openalex.org/W3098265572"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,28,37],"a":[2,17,34,51,76,87,95,120,172],"growing":[3],"need":[4],"for":[5,83],"scalable":[6,88],"search-based":[7,68,89],"software":[8,13,42,60,69,90],"engineering":[9,14,70,91],"approaches":[10,71],"that":[11,39,159,182],"address":[12],"problems":[15,32],"where":[16,33,102],"large":[18,52,133],"number":[19],"of":[20,30,45,54,78,122,145,152,190],"objectives":[21,107],"are":[22,72,104,117],"to":[23,57,74,108],"be":[24,109],"optimized.":[25,110],"Software":[26],"refactoring":[27,35,48,64,115],"one":[29],"these":[31],"sequence":[36],"sought":[38],"optimizes":[40],"several":[41],"metrics.":[43,80,126],"Most":[44],"the":[46,59,84,187,191],"existing":[47],"work":[49],"uses":[50],"set":[53,121],"quality":[55,125],"metrics":[56],"evaluate":[58],"design":[61],"after":[62],"applying":[63],"operations,":[65],"but":[66],"current":[67],"limited":[73],"using":[75,119],"maximum":[77],"five":[79],"We":[81,127],"propose":[82],"first":[85],"time":[86],"approach":[92,130,185],"based":[93],"on":[94,131,140],"newly":[96],"proposed":[97],"evolutionary":[98],"optimization":[99],"method":[100],"NSGA-III":[101,160,184],"there":[103],"15":[105,123],"different":[106],"In":[111],"our":[112,153,183],"approach,":[113],"automated":[114],"solutions":[116],"evaluated":[118,128],"distinct":[124],"this":[129],"seven":[132],"open":[134],"source":[135],"systems":[136],"and":[137,170,176],"found":[138],"that,":[139],"average,":[141],"more":[142],"than":[143,164],"92%":[144],"code":[146],"smells":[147],"were":[148],"corrected.":[149],"Statistical":[150],"analysis":[151],"experiments":[154],"over":[155],"31":[156],"runs":[157],"shows":[158],"performed":[161],"significantly":[162],"better":[163],"two":[165,177],"other":[166],"many-objective":[167],"techniques":[168],"(IBEA":[169],"MOEA/D),":[171],"multi-objective":[173],"algorithm":[174],"(NSGA-II)":[175],"mono-objective":[178],"approaches,":[179],"hence":[180],"demonstrating":[181],"represents":[186],"new":[188],"state":[189],"art":[192],"in":[193],"fully-automated":[194],"refactoring.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}