{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998461455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2566663","title":"Techniques for scalable and effective routability evaluation","display_name":"Techniques for scalable and effective routability evaluation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998461455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2566663","mag":"1998461455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2566663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2566663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018841457","display_name":"Yaoguang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4888-8558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yaoguang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Mn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Mn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111686227","display_name":"Cliff Sze","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156936","display_name":"IBM Research - Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/05gjbbg60","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210156936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cliff Sze","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX","IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156936"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Natarajan Viswanathan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natarajan Viswanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Austin, TX","IBM Systems and Tech. Group, Austin, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Austin, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Tech. Group, Austin, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448026","display_name":"Zhuo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-5920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156936","display_name":"IBM Research - Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/05gjbbg60","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210156936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX","IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156936"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113656006","display_name":"Charles J. Alpert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156936","display_name":"IBM Research - Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/05gjbbg60","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210156936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles J. Alpert","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX","IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156936"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102913365","display_name":"Lakshmi Reddy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-1645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakshmi Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY","IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000406538","display_name":"Andrew D. Huber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-8368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew D. Huber","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY","IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004736948","display_name":"Gustavo T\u00e8llez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo E. Tellez","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Burlington, VT"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Burlington, VT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008986068","display_name":"Douglas Keller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Keller","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY","IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Hopewell Junction, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068714995","display_name":"Sachin S. Sapatnekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5353-2364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin S. Sapatnekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Mn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Mn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018841457"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74801807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8043439388275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6015327572822571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/router","display_name":"Router","score":0.5754715204238892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5710614919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-design-automation","display_name":"Electronic design automation","score":0.47687655687332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.434650182723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-flow","display_name":"Design flow","score":0.43387770652770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.4254569709300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-routing","display_name":"Network routing","score":0.41458913683891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.24467626214027405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8043439388275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6015327572822571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775896111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642560","display_name":"Router","level":2,"score":0.5754715204238892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5710614919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64260653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194864","display_name":"Electronic design automation","level":2,"score":0.47687655687332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.434650182723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37135326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931942","display_name":"Design flow","level":2,"score":0.43387770652770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.4254569709300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983435990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22725","display_name":"Network routing","level":3,"score":0.41458913683891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.24467626214027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2566663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2566663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.433.6487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.433.6487","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ee.umn.edu/users/sachin/jnl/todaes14yw.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971840653","https://openalex.org/W1972047514","https://openalex.org/W1972510652","https://openalex.org/W1977985432","https://openalex.org/W1978226299","https://openalex.org/W1982924274","https://openalex.org/W1996746141","https://openalex.org/W1999116995","https://openalex.org/W2007778846","https://openalex.org/W2010747748","https://openalex.org/W2013557211","https://openalex.org/W2016999260","https://openalex.org/W2021444634","https://openalex.org/W2038987112","https://openalex.org/W2041176678","https://openalex.org/W2041941568","https://openalex.org/W2043643711","https://openalex.org/W2051611158","https://openalex.org/W2058691644","https://openalex.org/W2067035452","https://openalex.org/W2072175262","https://openalex.org/W2085456403","https://openalex.org/W2097452558","https://openalex.org/W2097998348","https://openalex.org/W2105616993","https://openalex.org/W2114871550","https://openalex.org/W2115106074","https://openalex.org/W2125831674","https://openalex.org/W2132366653","https://openalex.org/W2133435384","https://openalex.org/W2137890965","https://openalex.org/W2141335436","https://openalex.org/W2141363466","https://openalex.org/W2142356306","https://openalex.org/W2144642377","https://openalex.org/W2155039589","https://openalex.org/W2166264746","https://openalex.org/W2167190617","https://openalex.org/W2167730834","https://openalex.org/W2168611993","https://openalex.org/W2170957689","https://openalex.org/W2172326478","https://openalex.org/W2725730488","https://openalex.org/W2998993395","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011978806","https://openalex.org/W3204573923","https://openalex.org/W3207169898","https://openalex.org/W2743305891","https://openalex.org/W2130626635","https://openalex.org/W2019954703","https://openalex.org/W4385309418","https://openalex.org/W3198354237","https://openalex.org/W3205162826","https://openalex.org/W3206224769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Routing":[0],"congestion":[1,116,148,218,245],"has":[2,63],"become":[3,64],"a":[4,14,22,50,68,73,82,192,204,213],"critical":[5,15],"layout":[6],"challenge":[7],"in":[8,17,57,138],"nanoscale":[9],"circuits":[10,231],"since":[11],"it":[12,32,62,92,120],"is":[13,27,52],"factor":[16],"determining":[18],"the":[19,58,79,115,136,143,159,169,197,225,254],"routability":[20,80,104,139,170,207,242],"of":[21,72,81,199],"design.":[23],"An":[24],"unroutable":[25],"design":[26,37,40,51,59,241,255],"not":[28,55,94,154],"useful":[29],"even":[30],"though":[31],"closes":[33],"on":[34],"all":[35],"other":[36],"metrics.":[38],"Fast":[39],"closure":[41],"can":[42,101,236,248],"only":[43,108],"be":[44],"achieved":[45],"by":[46,119,127],"accurately":[47],"evaluating":[48],"whether":[49],"routable":[53],"or":[54],"early":[56],"cycle.":[60],"Lately,":[61],"common":[65],"to":[66,76,122,146,158,167,176,184,195,228,252],"use":[67],"\u201clight":[69],"mode\u201d":[70],"version":[71],"global":[74],"router":[75],"quickly":[77],"evaluate":[78,240],"given":[83],"placement.":[84],"This":[85,172],"approach":[86],"suffers":[87],"from":[88],"three":[89,182],"weaknesses:":[90],"(i)":[91],"does":[93],"adequately":[95],"model":[96,185],"local":[97,186],"routing":[98,187],"resources,":[99],"which":[100,133,216],"cause":[102],"incorrect":[103],"predictions":[105],"that":[106,152,234,244],"are":[107],"detected":[109],"late,":[110],"during":[111],"detailed":[112],"routing;":[113],"(ii)":[114],"maps":[117,219],"obtained":[118],"tend":[121],"have":[123],"isolated":[124],"hotspots":[125,201],"surrounded":[126],"noncongested":[128],"spots,":[129],"called":[130],"\u201cnoisy":[131],"hotspots\u201d,":[132],"further":[134],"affects":[135],"accuracy":[137],"evaluation;":[140],"and":[141,161,202,232,239,243],"(iii)":[142],"metrics":[144],"used":[145],"represent":[147],"may":[149,164],"yield":[150],"numbers":[151],"do":[153],"provide":[155],"sufficient":[156],"intuition":[157],"designer,":[160],"moreover,":[162],"they":[163],"often":[165],"fail":[166],"predict":[168,238],"accurately.":[171],"article":[173],"presents":[174],"solutions":[175],"these":[177],"issues.":[178],"First,":[179],"we":[180,190,211],"propose":[181,191],"approaches":[183],"resources.":[188],"Second,":[189],"smoothing":[193],"technique":[194],"reduce":[196],"number":[198],"noisy":[200],"obtain":[203],"more":[205],"accurate":[206],"evaluation":[208],"result.":[209],"Finally,":[210],"develop":[212],"new":[214],"metric":[215],"represents":[217],"with":[220],"higher":[221],"fidelity.":[222],"We":[223],"apply":[224],"proposed":[226],"techniques":[227],"several":[229],"industrial":[230],"demonstrate":[233],"one":[235],"better":[237,251],"mitigation":[246],"tools":[247],"perform":[249],"much":[250],"improve":[253],"routability.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}