{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1963833769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2557547.2557567","title":"Wiretap-proof","display_name":"Wiretap-proof","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1963833769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2557547.2557567","mag":"1963833769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2557547.2557567","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2557547.2557567","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th ACM conference on Data and application security and privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083678177","display_name":"Hemant Sengar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hemant Sengar","raw_affiliation_strings":["VoDaSec Solutions, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VoDaSec Solutions, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100664241","display_name":"Haining Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9665-7511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I267592682","display_name":"Williams (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/007zhvp17","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I267592682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haining Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","[College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277","https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047537622","display_name":"Seyed Amir Iranmanesh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I267592682","display_name":"Williams (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/007zhvp17","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Amir Iranmanesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","[College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277","https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083678177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54883257,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"345","last_page":"356"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.823878288269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7250138521194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6807289719581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.656038761138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.5293613076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.5146127939224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.45974332094192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.45881468057632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4445798397064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.4381859600543976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.41430193185806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36423832178115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.16123482584953308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.823878288269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7250138521194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6807289719581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.656038761138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.5293613076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.5146127939224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.45974332094192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.45881468057632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4445798397064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.4381859600543976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.41430193185806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36423832178115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.16123482584953308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2557547.2557567","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2557547.2557567","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th ACM conference on Data and application security and privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544107717","https://openalex.org/W1970946733","https://openalex.org/W1971037086","https://openalex.org/W2042077556","https://openalex.org/W2042416946","https://openalex.org/W2103228545","https://openalex.org/W2124042115","https://openalex.org/W2153039987","https://openalex.org/W2161022751","https://openalex.org/W2167266744","https://openalex.org/W2397524436","https://openalex.org/W6632828487","https://openalex.org/W6635090181","https://openalex.org/W6638666275","https://openalex.org/W6674817225"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2597550748","https://openalex.org/W4255254664","https://openalex.org/W2409612194","https://openalex.org/W4224042389","https://openalex.org/W2971540978","https://openalex.org/W2150732388","https://openalex.org/W174282171","https://openalex.org/W20460883","https://openalex.org/W1587013156","https://openalex.org/W4239080508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"has":[1],"long":[2],"been":[3],"believed":[4],"that":[5,49,61,104],"once":[6],"the":[7,19,101,112,140,149,156],"voice":[8,131],"media":[9,87,102,115,125,141,186],"between":[10,90],"caller":[11,91],"and":[12,92,145,151,169,206],"callee":[13],"is":[14,37,53,63,98,143],"captured":[15],"or":[16,27],"sniffed":[17],"from":[18],"wire,":[20],"either":[21],"legally":[22],"by":[23,29,109,155],"law":[24],"enforcement":[25],"agencies":[26],"illegally":[28],"hackers":[30],"through":[31],"eavesdropping":[32],"on":[33],"communication":[34,83,158],"channels,":[35],"it":[36,62,190],"easy":[38],"to":[39,65,164,197],"listen":[40],"into":[41],"their":[42],"conversation.":[43,132],"In":[44,76],"this":[45,50],"paper,":[46],"we":[47,78],"show":[48],"common":[51],"perception":[52],"not":[54],"always":[55],"true.":[56],"Our":[57],"real-world":[58],"experiments":[59],"demonstrate":[60],"feasible":[64],"create":[66],"a":[67,80,119,193],"hidden":[68],"telephonic":[69],"conversation":[70],"within":[71,85],"an":[72,128,181],"explicit":[73],"telephone":[74],"call.":[75],"particular,":[77],"propose":[79],"real-time":[81,95],"covert":[82,96,157],"channel":[84,97,159],"two-way":[86],"streams":[88],"established":[89],"callee.":[93],"The":[94],"created":[99],"over":[100],"stream":[103,116,142],"may":[105],"possibly":[106],"be":[107,137],"monitored":[108],"eavesdroppers.":[110],"However,":[111,148],"properly":[113,146],"encoded":[114],"acts":[117],"as":[118,127],"cover":[120],"(or":[121],"decoy)":[122],"carrying":[123],"bogus":[124],"such":[126],"earlier":[129],"recorded":[130],"This":[133,178],"spurious":[134],"content":[135],"will":[136],"heard":[138],"if":[139],"intercepted":[144],"decoded.":[147],"calling":[150],"called":[152],"parties":[153],"protected":[154],"can":[160],"still":[161],"directly":[162],"talk":[163],"each":[165],"other":[166,174],"in":[167],"privacy":[168],"real-time,":[170],"just":[171],"like":[172],"any":[173],"normal":[175],"phone":[176],"calls.":[177],"work":[179],"provides":[180],"additional":[182],"security":[183,195],"layer":[184],"against":[185],"interception":[187],"attacks,":[188],"however":[189],"also":[191],"exposes":[192],"serious":[194],"concern":[196],"CALEA":[198],"(Communications":[199],"Assistance":[200],"for":[201],"Law":[202],"Enforcement":[203],"Act)":[204],"wiretapping":[205],"its":[207],"infrastructure.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}