{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144981153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556978","title":"Using personal examples to improve risk communication for security &amp; privacy decisions","display_name":"Using personal examples to improve risk communication for security &amp; privacy decisions","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144981153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556978","mag":"2144981153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2556288.2556978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556978","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013939673","display_name":"Marian Harbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8677-811X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marian Harbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083335039","display_name":"Markus Hettig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Hettig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010205316","display_name":"Susanne Maria Weber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8444-7480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanne Weber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000498964","display_name":"Matthew Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-1379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz University, Hannover, Hannover, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013939673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.1317,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":168,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99327137,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2647","last_page":"2656"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7446741461753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.6525883078575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.624698281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5902935266494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personally-identifiable-information","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","score":0.5688738226890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.5436761379241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.46505555510520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4595557451248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","score":0.45618194341659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.45216643810272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08089655637741089}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7446741461753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.6525883078575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.624698281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5902935266494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169093310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3702971","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","level":2,"score":0.5688738226890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.5436761379241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.46505555510520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4595557451248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.45618194341659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.45216643810272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08089655637741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2556288.2556978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556978","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-362456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-362456.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer FKIE","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/387902","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/387902","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79696261","https://openalex.org/W205394741","https://openalex.org/W1529733883","https://openalex.org/W1542413315","https://openalex.org/W1550000763","https://openalex.org/W1604970029","https://openalex.org/W1980767298","https://openalex.org/W1997843800","https://openalex.org/W2007784529","https://openalex.org/W2033811191","https://openalex.org/W2039986066","https://openalex.org/W2084519571","https://openalex.org/W2092047229","https://openalex.org/W2098854124","https://openalex.org/W2099536489","https://openalex.org/W2099889974","https://openalex.org/W2114275288","https://openalex.org/W2131738146","https://openalex.org/W2139211990","https://openalex.org/W2140095007","https://openalex.org/W2144999294","https://openalex.org/W2145985203","https://openalex.org/W2157337727","https://openalex.org/W2489928578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229600140","https://openalex.org/W2295836226","https://openalex.org/W2025792237","https://openalex.org/W4225340788","https://openalex.org/W2272742059","https://openalex.org/W2098937825","https://openalex.org/W3010786834","https://openalex.org/W2290534421","https://openalex.org/W3123738772","https://openalex.org/W2596305496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"IT":[0],"security":[1],"systems":[2,29],"often":[3],"attempt":[4],"to":[5,39,50,70,110,133],"support":[6],"users":[7],"in":[8,27,89,146],"taking":[9],"a":[10,17,74,107,143],"decision":[11,75],"by":[12],"communicating":[13],"associated":[14],"risks.":[15],"However,":[16],"lack":[18],"of":[19,44,57,92],"efficacy":[20],"as":[21,23],"well":[22,31],"problems":[24],"with":[25],"habituation":[26],"such":[28],"are":[30],"known":[32],"issues.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35,87,117],"paper,":[36],"we":[37],"propose":[38],"leverage":[40],"the":[41,67,90,115],"rich":[42],"set":[43],"personal":[45],"data":[46],"available":[47],"on":[48],"smartphones":[49],"communicate":[51],"risks":[52],"using":[53],"personalized":[54],"examples.":[55],"Examples":[56],"private":[58],"information":[59,72,97],"that":[60,85,98,123,139],"may":[61],"be":[62],"at":[63],"risk":[64],"can":[65],"draw":[66],"users'":[68],"attention":[69],"relevant":[71],"for":[73],"and":[76],"also":[77],"improve":[78],"their":[79],"response.":[80],"We":[81,121],"present":[82],"two":[83],"experiments":[84],"validate":[86],"approach":[88,141],"context":[91],"Android":[93],"app":[94],"permissions.":[95],"Private":[96],"becomes":[99],"accessible":[100],"given":[101],"certain":[102],"permissions":[103],"is":[104],"displayed":[105],"when":[106,129],"user":[108],"wants":[109],"install":[111],"an":[112],"app,":[113],"demonstrating":[114],"consequences":[116],"installation":[118],"might":[119],"have.":[120],"find":[122],"participants":[124],"made":[125],"more":[126,152],"privacy-conscious":[127],"choices":[128],"deciding":[130],"which":[131,148],"apps":[132],"install.":[134],"Additionally,":[135],"our":[136,140],"results":[137],"show":[138],"causes":[142],"negative":[144],"affect":[145],"participants,":[147],"makes":[149],"them":[150],"pay":[151],"attention.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
