{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975172510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2544301","title":"Who drops CS1? (abstract only)","display_name":"Who drops CS1? (abstract only)","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975172510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2544301","mag":"1975172510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2538862.2544301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2544301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 45th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039865548","display_name":"Diane Horton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-8051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diane Horton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076439311","display_name":"Michelle Craig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8283-0072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Craig","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09191857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"712","last_page":"713"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuition","display_name":"Intuition","score":0.7573067545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.6628631353378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6392261981964111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.601311206817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drop-out","display_name":"Drop out","score":0.5014426708221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4463377594947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/midpoint","display_name":"Midpoint","score":0.4207746088504791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2920870780944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2804121673107147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1812269687652588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.07252052426338196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132010649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189222","display_name":"Intuition","level":2,"score":0.7573067545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6628631353378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6392261981964111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.601311206817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984949393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1260241","display_name":"Drop out","level":2,"score":0.5014426708221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4463377594947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34130140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645406","display_name":"Midpoint","level":2,"score":0.4207746088504791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2920870780944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2804121673107147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1812269687652588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.07252052426338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2538862.2544301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2544301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 45th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368520543","https://openalex.org/W3091779247","https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2079857752","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2382615723","https://openalex.org/W37565017","https://openalex.org/W4311804456","https://openalex.org/W1987484445","https://openalex.org/W1970416772"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,29,45],"interest":[2],"of":[3,18,23,68],"better":[4],"understanding":[5],"why":[6],"many":[7],"students":[8,34,56],"fail":[9],"to":[10,41,54,80],"complete":[11],"CS1":[12,20],"successfully,":[13],"we":[14],"analyze":[15],"a":[16,49,77,89],"class":[17],"555":[19],"students,":[21],"127":[22],"whom":[24],"either":[25],"failed":[26],"or":[27],"dropped":[28],"course.":[30,52],"We":[31,75],"find":[32],"that":[33],"with":[35],"previous":[36],"experience":[37,46],"are":[38],"more":[39],"likely":[40],"pass":[42],"even":[43],"if":[44],"is":[47],"not":[48],"formal":[50],"programming":[51],"Contrary":[53],"intuition,":[55],"who":[57,73],"drop":[58],"have":[59,65],"enrolled":[60],"in":[61],"fewer":[62,66],"courses":[63],"and":[64],"hours":[67],"non-school":[69],"commitments":[70],"than":[71],"those":[72],"stay.":[74],"present":[76],"classification":[78],"scheme":[79],"categorize":[81],"student":[82],"outcomes":[83],"based":[84],"on":[85],"their":[86],"performance":[87],"at":[88],"course":[90],"midpoint.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}