{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2063643001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2522848.2522890","title":"Timing and entrainment of multimodal backchanneling behavior for an embodied conversational agent","display_name":"Timing and entrainment of multimodal backchanneling behavior for an embodied conversational agent","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2063643001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2522848.2522890","mag":"2063643001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2522848.2522890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2522848.2522890","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM on International conference on multimodal interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073402985","display_name":"Benjamin Inden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6048-6856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Inden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042396987","display_name":"Zofia Malisz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5953-7310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zofia Malisz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070024202","display_name":"Petra Wagner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6662-3612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petra Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044005817","display_name":"Ipke Wachsmuth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4786-5189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ipke Wachsmuth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073402985"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4607,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9282467,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"181","last_page":"188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrainment","display_name":"Entrainment (biomusicology)","score":0.7929253578186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.7002626657485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.6979511976242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6467667818069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.6395599842071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-listening","display_name":"Active listening","score":0.6010032296180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5647120475769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copying","display_name":"Copying","score":0.5038089156150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4437621533870697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3478836417198181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.3407859206199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31598883867263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2694780230522156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhythm","display_name":"Rhythm","score":0.1959494650363922}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139992725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380656","display_name":"Entrainment (biomusicology)","level":3,"score":0.7929253578186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.7002626657485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.6979511976242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6467667818069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.6395599842071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177291462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423038","display_name":"Active listening","level":2,"score":0.6010032296180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5647120475769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779151265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156791","display_name":"Copying","level":2,"score":0.5038089156150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4437621533870697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3478836417198181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3407859206199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31598883867263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2694780230522156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135343436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406","display_name":"Rhythm","level":2,"score":0.1959494650363922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2522848.2522890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2522848.2522890","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM on International conference on multimodal interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.librecat.org:2614151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2614151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401671","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Inden B, Malisz Z, Wagner P, Wachsmuth I. Timing and entrainment of multimodal backchanneling behavior for an embodied conversational agent. In: Epps J, Chen F, Oviatt S, et al., eds. <em>Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, ICMI'13 - Sydney</em>. New York: ACM;  2013.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18465398","https://openalex.org/W103775403","https://openalex.org/W110948076","https://openalex.org/W118137706","https://openalex.org/W131558325","https://openalex.org/W137352981","https://openalex.org/W196463172","https://openalex.org/W1488075209","https://openalex.org/W1499739753","https://openalex.org/W1517771825","https://openalex.org/W1535859182","https://openalex.org/W1569528269","https://openalex.org/W1581480663","https://openalex.org/W1593934207","https://openalex.org/W1761922146","https://openalex.org/W1772123262","https://openalex.org/W1779622069","https://openalex.org/W1780788718","https://openalex.org/W1893321082","https://openalex.org/W1915891957","https://openalex.org/W1931492244","https://openalex.org/W1964003661","https://openalex.org/W1987370716","https://openalex.org/W1989097121","https://openalex.org/W2009254313","https://openalex.org/W2012597851","https://openalex.org/W2039301456","https://openalex.org/W2059417959","https://openalex.org/W2061216743","https://openalex.org/W2101349847","https://openalex.org/W2105422377","https://openalex.org/W2106684603","https://openalex.org/W2109695361","https://openalex.org/W2158083769","https://openalex.org/W2162399609","https://openalex.org/W2165275111","https://openalex.org/W2317392553","https://openalex.org/W2484411400","https://openalex.org/W2805889152","https://openalex.org/W2914402220","https://openalex.org/W2915722758","https://openalex.org/W2916201009","https://openalex.org/W2981666567","https://openalex.org/W3216401400","https://openalex.org/W6628613867","https://openalex.org/W6634751183","https://openalex.org/W6675672356","https://openalex.org/W6769316794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308771405","https://openalex.org/W2355873265","https://openalex.org/W2963669501","https://openalex.org/W3112369086","https://openalex.org/W3080197661","https://openalex.org/W4318471783","https://openalex.org/W2760667490","https://openalex.org/W2991781269","https://openalex.org/W775724729","https://openalex.org/W2137489486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"report":[1],"on":[2],"an":[3,9,26],"analysis":[4],"of":[5,50,57],"feedback":[6],"behavior":[7,22],"in":[8,25,32],"Active":[10],"Listening":[11],"Corpus":[12],"as":[13],"produced":[14],"verbally,":[15],"visually":[16],"(head":[17],"movement)":[18],"and":[19,30,81],"bimodally.":[20],"The":[21],"is":[23],"modeled":[24],"embodied":[27],"conversational":[28],"agent":[29],"displayed":[31],"a":[33,36],"conversation":[34],"with":[35,101],"real":[37],"human":[38,40,60],"to":[39,71,77,85,88,94],"participants":[41],"for":[42,47,108],"perceptual":[43],"evaluation.":[44],"Five":[45],"strategies":[46],"the":[48,55,58,78,89],"timing":[49,56,74,103],"backchannels":[51,63,69],"are":[52],"compared:":[53],"copying":[54],"original":[59],"listener,":[61],"producing":[62,68],"at":[64],"randomly":[65],"selected":[66],"times,":[67],"according":[70,84,93],"high":[72],"level":[73],"distributions":[75,104],"relative":[76],"interlocutor's":[79],"utterance":[80],"pauses,":[82],"or":[83,92],"local":[86],"entrainment":[87],"interlocutors'":[90],"vowels,":[91],"both.":[95],"Human":[96],"observers":[97],"judge":[98],"that":[99],"models":[100],"global":[102],"miss":[105],"less":[106],"opportunities":[107],"backchanneling":[109],"than":[110],"random":[111],"timing.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}