{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993476313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2516604.2516620","title":"The evolving braid","display_name":"The evolving braid","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993476313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2516604.2516620","mag":"1993476313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2516604.2516620","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2516604.2516620","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development: Full Papers - Volume 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068503776","display_name":"Melissa Densmore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-2653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124949","display_name":"Microsoft Research (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/02w7f3w92","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210124949"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Densmore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research India, Bangalore, India","Microsoft Research india, Bangalore, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research India, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research india, Bangalore, India#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055588895","display_name":"Ben Bellows","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-6623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142731","display_name":"British Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0410jfe71","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142731"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Bellows","raw_affiliation_strings":["Population Council, Nairobi, Kenya"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Population Council, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142731"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048767056","display_name":"John Chuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4348-6226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Chuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Eric Brewer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Brewer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068503776"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210124949"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3851,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92896853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"257","last_page":"266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.8074840903282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.598035991191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5801056027412415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5443888902664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5159721970558167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strengths-and-weaknesses","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","score":0.5154291391372681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.48786187171936035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4785366952419281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.442449688911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28960609436035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27604323625564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2052733600139618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10055828094482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08942675590515137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.8074840903282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.598035991191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5801056027412415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5443888902664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5159721970558167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.5154291391372681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.48786187171936035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4785366952419281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.442449688911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28960609436035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27604323625564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2052733600139618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10055828094482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08942675590515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2516604.2516620","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2516604.2516620","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development: Full Papers - Volume 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309411","display_name":"University of California Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309847","display_name":"Blum Center for Developing Economies, University of California Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337373","display_name":"Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jh5a977"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W188777198","https://openalex.org/W191008017","https://openalex.org/W1528027857","https://openalex.org/W1982272301","https://openalex.org/W2006439806","https://openalex.org/W2008541782","https://openalex.org/W2030343501","https://openalex.org/W2034441429","https://openalex.org/W2041404167","https://openalex.org/W2056500710","https://openalex.org/W2079042034","https://openalex.org/W2095654817","https://openalex.org/W2112390589","https://openalex.org/W2116543886","https://openalex.org/W2140971489","https://openalex.org/W2156626285","https://openalex.org/W2294857847","https://openalex.org/W2330277600","https://openalex.org/W2743952716","https://openalex.org/W2911311425","https://openalex.org/W2911967907","https://openalex.org/W2978725006","https://openalex.org/W3005817206","https://openalex.org/W3121871227"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295769391","https://openalex.org/W2972220648","https://openalex.org/W2332667808","https://openalex.org/W1997921863","https://openalex.org/W2032233321","https://openalex.org/W3121970507","https://openalex.org/W3112960490","https://openalex.org/W2110028391","https://openalex.org/W54497855","https://openalex.org/W217960748"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"engaged":[1],"in":[2,62,68,102,129,186],"ICTD":[3],"research,":[4],"it":[5],"is":[6],"often":[7],"simpler":[8],"to":[9,77,105,117],"focus":[10],"efforts":[11],"on":[12,91],"a":[13,42,64,71,131,155],"single":[14],"specific":[15],"technology,":[16],"whether":[17],"that":[18,113],"entails":[19],"computers":[20],"for":[21,25,31],"telecenters,":[22],"mobile":[23],"phones":[24],"data":[26],"collection,":[27],"or":[28,164],"text":[29],"messages":[30],"public":[32],"health":[33,65,84],"education.":[34],"In":[35,55],"practice,":[36],"however,":[37],"people":[38],"and":[39,119,183],"organizations":[40],"use":[41,147,197],"variety":[43,72],"of":[44,73,94,158,168,173,194],"technologies":[45,75,182],"together,":[46],"smoothly":[47],"interweaving":[48],"them":[49],"as":[50,136,152,180,199],"they":[51,146,161,177,188],"navigate":[52],"their":[53,82],"lives.":[54],"this":[56,103],"paper":[57],"we":[58,97,134],"analyze":[59],"the":[60,184,192,195],"ways":[61,185],"which":[63,187],"financing":[66],"organization":[67,104],"Uganda":[69],"integrates":[70],"communications":[74,80,108,126,140],"together":[76,116,128],"achieve":[78],"reliable":[79],"with":[81,166],"partnering":[83],"facilities":[85],"distributed":[86],"throughout":[87],"Southwest":[88],"Uganda.":[89],"Based":[90],"four":[92],"years":[93],"participant":[95],"observation,":[96],"describe":[98,135],"two":[99],"communication":[100],"scenarios":[101],"illustrate":[106],"braided":[107,137,196],"at":[109],"work.":[110],"We":[111],"find":[112],"stakeholders":[114],"work":[115],"develop":[118],"maintain":[120],"effective":[121],"relationships":[122],"using":[123],"many":[124],"different":[125],"channels":[127,170],"parallel,":[130],"combined":[132],"channel":[133],"communications.":[138],"Braided":[139],"have":[141],"three":[142],"primary":[143],"characteristics.":[144],"Firstly,":[145],"co-existing":[148],"channels,":[149],"employing":[150],"each":[151],"best":[153],"suits":[154],"given":[156],"set":[157],"goals.":[159],"Secondly,":[160],"are":[162,178,189],"co-dependent,":[163],"co-reinforcing,":[165],"strengths":[167],"individual":[169],"reinforcing":[171],"weaknesses":[172],"other":[174],"channels.":[175],"Finally,":[176],"co-evolving;":[179],"available":[181],"used":[190],"change,":[191],"nature":[193],"changes":[198],"well.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T23:56:10.502304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}