{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2027982116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2513456.2513493","title":"Robust facial expression recognition in the presence of rotation and partial occlusion","display_name":"Robust facial expression recognition in the presence of rotation and partial occlusion","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2027982116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2513456.2513493","mag":"2027982116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2513456.2513493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2513456.2513493","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the South African Institute for Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084426913","display_name":"Diego Mushfieldt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","display_name":"University of the Western Cape","ror":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diego Mushfieldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003514067","display_name":"Mehrdad Ghaziasgar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7713-677X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","display_name":"University of the Western Cape","ror":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehrdad Ghaziasgar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033202830","display_name":"James Connan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203238179","display_name":"Rhodes University","ror":"https://ror.org/016sewp10","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Connan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rhodes University, Grahamstown"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University, Grahamstown","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084426913"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76449238,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"186","last_page":"193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.7346781492233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7005190253257751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6683593988418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.6595062017440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6262413859367371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","score":0.567682683467865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5649037957191467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5593628883361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5512498617172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5490819811820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5220072865486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-hallucination","display_name":"Face hallucination","score":0.515998125076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5023238658905029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","score":0.4855606257915497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-appearance-model","display_name":"Active appearance model","score":0.4444029927253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.341543048620224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.17853030562400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.05979889631271362}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7346781492233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7005190253257751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6683593988418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.6595062017440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6262413859367371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.567682683467865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5649037957191467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5593628883361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5512498617172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5490819811820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5220072865486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54654163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428359","display_name":"Face hallucination","level":5,"score":0.515998125076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5023238658905029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987714656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185804","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","level":4,"score":0.4855606257915497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.4444029927253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.341543048620224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.17853030562400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.05979889631271362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2513456.2513493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2513456.2513493","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the South African Institute for Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.uwc.ac.za:11394/3367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401169","display_name":"University of the Western Cape Electronic Theses and Dissertations Repository (University of the Western Cape)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","host_organization_name":"University of the Western Cape","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307791","display_name":"Cisco Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321970","display_name":"University of the Western Cape","ror":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595126664","https://openalex.org/W1970942140","https://openalex.org/W1986803802","https://openalex.org/W2001916466","https://openalex.org/W2033773055","https://openalex.org/W2038317184","https://openalex.org/W2115240060","https://openalex.org/W2119601766","https://openalex.org/W2120729490","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2198024669","https://openalex.org/W2746319598","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3173367485"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W3661898","https://openalex.org/W2559836198","https://openalex.org/W1831484856","https://openalex.org/W2357640304","https://openalex.org/W2163686929","https://openalex.org/W2356663679","https://openalex.org/W3101555032","https://openalex.org/W766657370","https://openalex.org/W2741607796"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,42],"research":[1,25],"presented":[2],"in":[3,13,27,88],"this":[4],"paper":[5],"proposes":[6],"an":[7],"approach":[8],"to":[9,40,81,83,128,135],"recognizing":[10],"facial":[11,55,85,138],"expressions":[12,86,139],"the":[14,22,28,77,89,95,104,112,115,119,129,147],"presence":[15,90],"of":[16,21,30,34,51,65,91,94,103,118],"rotations":[17],"and":[18,98,100,114],"partial":[19],"occlusions":[20,93],"face.":[23,105],"is":[26,79],"context":[29],"automatic":[31],"machine":[32],"translation":[33],"South":[35],"African":[36],"Sign":[37],"Language":[38],"(SASL)":[39],"English.":[41],"proposed":[43],"method":[44,78],"achieved":[45,59],"a":[46,60],"high":[47,61],"average":[48,62],"recognition":[49,63,148],"accuracy":[50,64],"85%":[52],"for":[53,67,123],"frontal":[54],"images.":[56],"It":[57,72],"also":[58,74],"80%":[66],"faces":[68],"rotated":[69],"at":[70],"60\u00b0.":[71],"was":[73,109,126],"shown":[75],"that":[76,110,131],"able":[80],"continue":[82],"recognize":[84],"even":[87],"full":[92],"eyes,":[96],"mouth":[97],"left":[99,113],"right":[101,116],"sides":[102,117],"An":[106],"additional":[107],"finding":[108],"both":[111],"face":[120],"are":[121,133],"required":[122],"recognition.":[124],"This":[125],"due":[127],"fact":[130],"subjects":[132],"seen":[134],"regularly":[136],"perform":[137],"with":[140],"more":[141],"emphasis":[142],"on":[143],"either":[144],"side,":[145],"affecting":[146],"accuracy.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
