{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107597196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509558.2509564","title":"Classifying entities into an incomplete ontology","display_name":"Classifying entities into an incomplete ontology","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107597196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509558.2509564","mag":"2107597196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2509558.2509564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509558.2509564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 workshop on Automated knowledge base construction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007851620","display_name":"Bhavana Dalvi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bhavana Dalvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051617344","display_name":"William W. Cohen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William W. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009879041","display_name":"Jamie Callan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamie Callan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007851620"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4827,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86605705,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"31","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.7846653461456299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7830724716186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-hierarchy","display_name":"Class hierarchy","score":0.7704651355743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.7461859583854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.7149453163146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-organization","display_name":"Hierarchical organization","score":0.4486005902290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.4279060661792755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4230015277862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41867974400520325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4161345064640045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.384573757648468}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.7846653461456299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7830724716186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781289151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2903989","display_name":"Class hierarchy","level":3,"score":0.7704651355743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.7461859583854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7149453163146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780217385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2389284","display_name":"Hierarchical organization","level":2,"score":0.4486005902290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.4279060661792755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4230015277862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41867974400520325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4161345064640045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.384573757648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73752529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79872","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2509558.2509564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509558.2509564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 workshop on Automated knowledge base construction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.368.7914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.368.7914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~bbd/bbd_akbc13_submitted.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.381.4565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.381.4565","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~wcohen/postscript/akbc-2013-dalvi.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566045017","https://openalex.org/W2014566476","https://openalex.org/W2024791376","https://openalex.org/W2109646372","https://openalex.org/W2109718074","https://openalex.org/W2123094878","https://openalex.org/W2132655161","https://openalex.org/W2144398596","https://openalex.org/W2150286230","https://openalex.org/W2162657744","https://openalex.org/W2914569968","https://openalex.org/W2953088886","https://openalex.org/W4295109370","https://openalex.org/W6633761756"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2273515602","https://openalex.org/W2393528751","https://openalex.org/W2907076776","https://openalex.org/W2436132804","https://openalex.org/W2079027950","https://openalex.org/W1984236851","https://openalex.org/W2413364108","https://openalex.org/W2357813254","https://openalex.org/W3045702928","https://openalex.org/W2899379759"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exponential":[0],"growth":[1],"of":[2,32,52,68,93,114],"unlabeled":[3],"web-scale":[4],"datasets,":[5],"and":[6,24,80,100,118],"class":[7,78,82,135],"hierarchies":[8],"to":[9,15,27,34,139,143],"represent":[10,35],"them,":[11],"has":[12],"given":[13],"rise":[14],"new":[16],"challenges":[17],"for":[18,45],"hierarchical":[19,50],"classification.":[20],"It":[21],"is":[22,42],"costly":[23],"time":[25],"consuming":[26],"create":[28],"a":[29,43,76],"complete":[30],"ontology":[31,117],"classes":[33,95,107],"entities":[36,53,90],"on":[37,101],"the":[38,69,94,97,109,115,123],"Web.":[39],"Hence,":[40],"there":[41],"need":[44],"techniques":[46],"that":[47,74,127],"can":[48],"do":[49],"classification":[51],"into":[54,91,108],"incomplete":[55],"ontologies.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58],"paper":[59],"we":[60],"present":[61],"Hierarchical":[62,129],"Exploratory":[63,70,130],"EM":[64,71,131],"algorithm":[65,72],"(an":[66],"extension":[67],"[7])":[73],"takes":[75],"seed":[77,81,98,134],"hierarchy":[79,99],"instances":[83],"as":[84],"input.":[85],"Our":[86],"method":[87],"classifies":[88],"relevant":[89],"some":[92],"from":[96,122],"its":[102,144],"way":[103],"adds":[104],"newly":[105],"discovered":[106],"hierarchy.":[110],"Experiments":[111],"with":[112],"subsets":[113],"NELL":[116],"text":[119],"datasets":[120],"derived":[121],"ClueWeb09":[124],"corpus":[125],"show":[126],"our":[128],"approach":[132],"improves":[133],"F1":[136],"by":[137],"up":[138],"21%":[140],"when":[141],"compared":[142],"semi-supervised":[145],"counterpart.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
