{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091932246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509136.2509552","title":"Guided GUI testing of android apps with minimal restart and approximate learning","display_name":"Guided GUI testing of android apps with minimal restart and approximate learning","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091932246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509136.2509552","mag":"2091932246"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2509136.2509552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509136.2509552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages & applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt3m87m1jg/qt3m87m1jg.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102016759","display_name":"Wontae Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wontae Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049483484","display_name":"George C. Necula","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Necula","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101569699","display_name":"Koushik Sen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4539-9188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koushik Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.7561,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":321,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99799298,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"623","last_page":"640"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8403217792510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.8160808086395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface-testing","display_name":"Graphical user interface testing","score":0.7879401445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-testing","display_name":"Random testing","score":0.5896854400634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface","display_name":"Graphical user interface","score":0.573616623878479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.5416160225868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-based-testing","display_name":"Model-based testing","score":0.519494891166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4380941689014435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manual-testing","display_name":"Manual testing","score":0.42417973279953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swift","display_name":"Swift","score":0.4195796847343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.4065561592578888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.35990333557128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.33480989933013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3280787467956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.26857444643974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.2347032129764557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface-design","display_name":"User interface design","score":0.14246684312820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.14145472645759583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8403217792510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.8160808086395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66153210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597182","display_name":"Graphical user interface testing","level":4,"score":0.7879401445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146789","display_name":"Random testing","level":4,"score":0.5896854400634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.573616623878479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.5416160225868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165825675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399743","display_name":"Model-based testing","level":4,"score":0.519494891166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4380941689014435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182122060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6752328","display_name":"Manual testing","level":5,"score":0.42417973279953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116188536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17118377","display_name":"Swift","level":2,"score":0.4195796847343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.4065561592578888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.35990333557128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.33480989933013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3280787467956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.26857444643974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2347032129764557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149229913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135707","display_name":"User interface design","level":3,"score":0.14246684312820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.14145472645759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2509136.2509552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2509136.2509552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages & applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt3m87m1jg","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m87m1jg","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt3m87m1jg/qt3m87m1jg.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.683.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.683.149","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/%7Enecula/Papers/swifthand-oopsla13.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.710.2697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.710.2697","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/%7Ewtchoi/paper/oopsla13.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:berkeley.edu:28722-bk00183116d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://techreports.lib.berkeley.edu/reports/TRWebData/accessPages/EECS-2018-149.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050879","display_name":"UC Berkeley","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","host_organization_name":"University of California, Berkeley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"technical reports"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt3m87m1jg","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m87m1jg","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt3m87m1jg/qt3m87m1jg.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2091932246.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2091932246.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20582962","https://openalex.org/W24190503","https://openalex.org/W49985331","https://openalex.org/W141765906","https://openalex.org/W169243799","https://openalex.org/W176206521","https://openalex.org/W182269909","https://openalex.org/W1482663303","https://openalex.org/W1493173186","https://openalex.org/W1501401133","https://openalex.org/W1519265043","https://openalex.org/W1533857697","https://openalex.org/W1559171143","https://openalex.org/W1679977702","https://openalex.org/W1725778618","https://openalex.org/W1984666354","https://openalex.org/W1989445634","https://openalex.org/W2008421610","https://openalex.org/W2011539648","https://openalex.org/W2013856010","https://openalex.org/W2014096115","https://openalex.org/W2014882939","https://openalex.org/W2033904437","https://openalex.org/W2034958218","https://openalex.org/W2053176592","https://openalex.org/W2063647782","https://openalex.org/W2080028974","https://openalex.org/W2088749975","https://openalex.org/W2090635047","https://openalex.org/W2092386826","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2098039922","https://openalex.org/W2113457891","https://openalex.org/W2117141328","https://openalex.org/W2119467398","https://openalex.org/W2124430468","https://openalex.org/W2128779711","https://openalex.org/W2133377719","https://openalex.org/W2143903830","https://openalex.org/W2148898704","https://openalex.org/W2161963160","https://openalex.org/W2164539435","https://openalex.org/W2166306938","https://openalex.org/W2171090019","https://openalex.org/W2309460698","https://openalex.org/W2494400401","https://openalex.org/W3027858405","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4300931711","https://openalex.org/W6628852112","https://openalex.org/W6629603555","https://openalex.org/W6659058787"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498418524","https://openalex.org/W1598160211","https://openalex.org/W2132461282","https://openalex.org/W57482378","https://openalex.org/W4239216682","https://openalex.org/W3098537892","https://openalex.org/W2075147138","https://openalex.org/W4213182711","https://openalex.org/W3155744979","https://openalex.org/W139286382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smartphones":[0],"and":[1,47,97,216,234],"tablets":[2],"with":[3],"rich":[4],"graphical":[5,36],"user":[6,37,88],"interfaces":[7,38],"(GUI)":[8],"are":[9,21],"becoming":[10],"increasingly":[11],"popular.":[12],"Hundreds":[13],"of":[14,16,39,62,77,94,101,115,140,160,180],"thousands":[15],"specialized":[17],"applications,":[18],"called":[19,57],"apps,":[20],"available":[22,193],"for":[23,34,59,65,195],"such":[24,40],"mobile":[25],"platforms.":[26],"Manual":[27,42],"testing":[28,35,43,117,147,188,215,218],"is":[29,44,119,127,149,164,171],"the":[30,78,83,95,99,102,105,110,116,124,135,181],"most":[31],"popular":[32],"technique":[33,69],"apps.":[41,67],"often":[45,165],"tedious":[46],"error-prone.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,151,206],"propose":[53],"an":[54,161],"automated":[55],"technique,":[56],"Swift-Hand,":[58],"generating":[60],"sequences":[61],"test":[63,175],"inputs":[64,89,107],"Android":[66,196],"The":[68],"uses":[70,82,98],"machine":[71],"learning":[72],"to":[73,86,108,155,172],"learn":[74,156],"a":[75,128,138,157,191,220],"model":[76,85,159],"app":[79,103,136],"during":[80],"testing,":[81],"learned":[84],"generate":[87],"that":[90,120,150,205],"visit":[91],"unexplored":[92,178],"states":[93],"app,":[96,125,162],"execution":[100,176],"on":[104,137],"generated":[106],"refine":[109],"model.":[111],"A":[112],"key":[113],"feature":[114],"algorithm":[118,148,189,225],"it":[121],"avoids":[122],"restarting":[123],"which":[126,163],"significantly":[129,209],"more":[130],"expensive":[131],"operation":[132],"than":[133,212,231],"executing":[134],"sequence":[139],"inputs.":[141],"An":[142],"important":[143],"insight":[144],"behind":[145],"our":[146,169,187],"do":[152],"not":[153],"need":[154],"precise":[158],"computationally":[166],"intensive,":[167],"if":[168],"goal":[170],"simply":[173],"guide":[174],"into":[177],"parts":[179],"state":[182],"space.":[183],"We":[184],"have":[185],"implemented":[186],"in":[190,199,219],"publicly":[192],"tool":[194],"apps":[197],"written":[198],"Java.":[200],"Our":[201,224],"experimental":[202],"results":[203],"show":[204],"can":[207],"achieve":[208],"better":[210],"coverage":[211,229],"traditional":[213],"random":[214,233],"L*-based":[217,235],"given":[221],"time":[222],"budget.":[223],"also":[226],"reaches":[227],"peak":[228],"faster":[230],"both":[232],"testing.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}