{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987898580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2508859.2516713","title":"Low-fat pointers","display_name":"Low-fat pointers","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987898580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2508859.2516713","mag":"1987898580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2508859.2516713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2508859.2516713","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2508859.2516713","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC conference on Computer & communications security - CCS '13","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2508859.2516713","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110105060","display_name":"Albert Kwon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Kwon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035306257","display_name":"Udit Dhawan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Udit Dhawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104018094","display_name":"Jonathan M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3309-6603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039901815","display_name":"Thomas F. Knight","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-3480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120307","display_name":"Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc. (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0311zp875","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas F. Knight","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gingko Bioworks, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gingko Bioworks, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087585086","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 DeHon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9177-7699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre DeHon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":127,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"721","last_page":"732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8443999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.6386228799819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/datapath","display_name":"Datapath","score":0.5479970574378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-safety","display_name":"Memory safety","score":0.5241228342056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4756997525691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.42371416091918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.355236291885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3253493010997772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3012446165084839}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8443999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.6386228799819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1633673","display_name":"Datapath","level":2,"score":0.5479970574378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28180684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4080983","display_name":"Memory safety","level":3,"score":0.5241228342056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4756997525691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.42371416091918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.355236291885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3253493010997772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3012446165084839}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2508859.2516713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2508859.2516713","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2508859.2516713","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC conference on Computer & communications security - CCS '13","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2508859.2516713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2508859.2516713","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2508859.2516713","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC conference on Computer & communications security - CCS '13","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6060454192","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8650-10-C-7090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338294","funder_display_name":"Air Force Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7640221001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8650-10-C-7090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","display_name":"U.S. Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338294","display_name":"Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1987898580.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1987898580.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51951760","https://openalex.org/W120254435","https://openalex.org/W1492409500","https://openalex.org/W1502515215","https://openalex.org/W1517405987","https://openalex.org/W1520961854","https://openalex.org/W1535713556","https://openalex.org/W1592472943","https://openalex.org/W1608091202","https://openalex.org/W1825457006","https://openalex.org/W1969519208","https://openalex.org/W1979203594","https://openalex.org/W2019150607","https://openalex.org/W2020538839","https://openalex.org/W2032092944","https://openalex.org/W2036853599","https://openalex.org/W2047370472","https://openalex.org/W2052040062","https://openalex.org/W2055578361","https://openalex.org/W2060468294","https://openalex.org/W2074955133","https://openalex.org/W2077631114","https://openalex.org/W2096189962","https://openalex.org/W2098806455","https://openalex.org/W2106412703","https://openalex.org/W2113350481","https://openalex.org/W2118444975","https://openalex.org/W2120287627","https://openalex.org/W2122757982","https://openalex.org/W2128637495","https://openalex.org/W2140508184","https://openalex.org/W2141365240","https://openalex.org/W2144340144","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2155851497","https://openalex.org/W2162598060","https://openalex.org/W2166431824","https://openalex.org/W2167800525","https://openalex.org/W2171938395","https://openalex.org/W2398048284","https://openalex.org/W2560045411","https://openalex.org/W2978757628","https://openalex.org/W4233448680","https://openalex.org/W4237902978","https://openalex.org/W4247028125","https://openalex.org/W4249212548","https://openalex.org/W4252125305","https://openalex.org/W4256595922","https://openalex.org/W6635575879","https://openalex.org/W6636340769","https://openalex.org/W6642457014","https://openalex.org/W6664578057","https://openalex.org/W6674518476","https://openalex.org/W6681969235","https://openalex.org/W6903642194","https://openalex.org/W7028942890","https://openalex.org/W7075366728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141365240","https://openalex.org/W4245736681","https://openalex.org/W4239042909","https://openalex.org/W4242254025","https://openalex.org/W2362192177","https://openalex.org/W4321012239","https://openalex.org/W4200542740","https://openalex.org/W4206254495","https://openalex.org/W4237643552","https://openalex.org/W2056167392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Referencing":[0],"outside":[1],"the":[2,53,63,87,93,106,149,162,168,184,211],"bounds":[3,33,42],"of":[4,13,108,142,148,213],"an":[5],"array":[6],"or":[7,209],"buffer":[8],"is":[9],"a":[10,129,138,193,199,214],"common":[11,172],"source":[12],"bugs":[14],"and":[15,26,39,75,120,153,159,167,187],"security":[16,77],"vulnerabilities":[17],"in":[18,60,84,192],"today's":[19],"software.":[20],"We":[21,144],"can":[22,190],"enforce":[23],"spatial":[24],"safety":[25,107],"eliminate":[27],"these":[28,41,155],"violations":[29],"by":[30],"inseparably":[31],"associating":[32],"with":[34,86,124,137],"every":[35,44],"pointer":[36],"(fat":[37],"pointer)":[38],"checking":[40,81],"on":[43,198],"memory":[45,140],"access.":[46],"By":[47],"further":[48],"adding":[49],"hardware-managed":[50],"tags":[51],"to":[52,65,70],"pointer,":[54],"we":[55,115,181],"make":[56],"them":[57],"unforgeable.":[58],"This,":[59],"turn,":[61],"allows":[62],"pointers":[64,110,122,127,158],"be":[66],"used":[67],"as":[68],"capabilities":[69],"facilitate":[71],"fine-grained":[72],"access":[73],"control":[74],"fast":[76],"domain":[78],"crossing.":[79],"Dedicated":[80],"hardware":[82,163],"runs":[83],"parallel":[85],"processor's":[88],"normal":[89],"datapath":[90],"so":[91],"that":[92,161,183],"checks":[94],"do":[95],"not":[96],"slow":[97],"down":[98],"processor":[99,177],"operation":[100],"(0%":[101],"runtime":[102],"overhead).":[103],"To":[104],"achieve":[105],"fat":[109,157],"without":[111],"increasing":[112],"program":[113],"state,":[114],"compactly":[116],"encode":[117],"approximate":[118],"base":[119],"bound":[121],"along":[123],"exact":[125],"address":[126,131],"for":[128,151,171],"46b":[130],"space":[132],"into":[133],"one":[134],"64-bit":[135],"word":[136],"worst-case":[139],"overhead":[141],"3%.":[143],"develop":[145],"gate-level":[146],"implementations":[147],"logic":[150],"updating":[152],"validating":[154],"compact":[156],"show":[160,182],"requirements":[164],"are":[165,174],"low":[166],"critical":[169],"paths":[170],"operations":[173,189],"smaller":[175],"than":[176],"ALU":[178],"operations.":[179],"Specifically,":[180],"fat-pointer":[185],"check":[186],"update":[188],"run":[191],"4":[194],"ns":[195],"clock":[196],"cycle":[197],"Virtex":[200],"6":[201],"(40nm)":[202],"implementation":[203],"while":[204],"only":[205],"using":[206],"1100":[207],"6-LUTs":[208],"about":[210],"area":[212],"double-precision,":[215],"floating-point":[216],"adder.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}