{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017595284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2505990.2506006","title":"Uncoupling Alice","display_name":"Uncoupling Alice","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017595284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2505990.2506006","mag":"2017595284"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2505990.2506006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2505990.2506006","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2505990.2506006","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764691006","display_name":"ACM Inroads","issn_l":"2153-2184","issn":["2153-2184","2153-2192"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Inroads","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2505990.2506006","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069466963","display_name":"Mark A. Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1548-2773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26321052","display_name":"Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts","ror":"https://ror.org/01ka28180","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26321052"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts (MCLA), North Adams, Massachusetts","Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts (MCLA), North Adams, Massachusetts#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts (MCLA), North Adams, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26321052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts (MCLA), North Adams, Massachusetts#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26321052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069466963"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26321052"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13443278,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"82","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.9659000039100647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alice","display_name":"Alice (programming language)","score":0.9362853765487671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citation","display_name":"Citation","score":0.7966359853744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liberal-arts-education","display_name":"Liberal arts education","score":0.5761386156082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5145496726036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-arts","display_name":"The arts","score":0.4784250855445862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4667074382305145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.38698357343673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.3553299903869629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-history","display_name":"Art history","score":0.3476197123527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.29267922043800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.19803038239479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.13506874442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.12810391187667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11554232239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.056773632764816284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778222013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136926","display_name":"Alice (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.9362853765487671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.7966359853744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37413474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189329","display_name":"Liberal arts education","level":3,"score":0.5761386156082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5145496726036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70789860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2018526","display_name":"The arts","level":2,"score":0.4784250855445862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4667074382305145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.38698357343673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3553299903869629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3476197123527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.29267922043800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.19803038239479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13506874442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12810391187667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11554232239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.056773632764816284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2505990.2506006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2505990.2506006","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2505990.2506006","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764691006","display_name":"ACM Inroads","issn_l":"2153-2184","issn":["2153-2184","2153-2192"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Inroads","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2505990.2506006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2505990.2506006","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2505990.2506006","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764691006","display_name":"ACM Inroads","issn_l":"2153-2184","issn":["2153-2184","2153-2192"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Inroads","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017595284.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017595284.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80625916","https://openalex.org/W1492170973","https://openalex.org/W1509829056","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1985406699","https://openalex.org/W1992839463","https://openalex.org/W2001823388","https://openalex.org/W2018490996","https://openalex.org/W2055584304","https://openalex.org/W2150795540","https://openalex.org/W4237112997","https://openalex.org/W4251597198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232165261","https://openalex.org/W4251817561","https://openalex.org/W4238337057","https://openalex.org/W2079676826","https://openalex.org/W2387602844","https://openalex.org/W1548585588","https://openalex.org/W641281763","https://openalex.org/W632085907","https://openalex.org/W2048843468","https://openalex.org/W2291629196"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"T":[0],"he":[1],"Alice":[2,38,69,230,275,290,301,318,325,345],"3D":[3,241],"programming":[4,45,159,161,192,234,271,315,335,379],"environment":[5],"is":[6,154,162,200],"complex,":[7],"yet":[8],"it":[9,53,72],"was":[10,98,292],"designed":[11],"to":[12,18,21,54,83,94,100,169,209,252,287,298,307,323,359],"hide":[13],"its":[14,74,149,232,237],"own":[15],"intricacies,":[16],"and":[17,78,123,164,172,179,185,194,236,239,280,305,314,333,357,381],"allow":[19],"students":[20,171,193,208],"slowly":[22],"peel":[23],"away":[24,63],"layers":[25,65],"of":[26,66,112,129,202,222,229,264,376],"abstraction,":[27],"exposing":[28],"the":[29,64,139,152,165,203,216,227,262,269,278,296,309,321,327,337,366],"complexity":[30],"in":[31,68,104,132,157,248,352,374,383],"a":[32,39,341],"controlled":[33],"fashion.This":[34],"design":[35,102,108],"has":[36,145,244,259],"made":[37],"popular":[40],"choice":[41],"for":[42,61,226,343],"teaching":[43],"introductory":[44,158,196,250],"concepts,":[46],"but":[47],"very":[48],"few":[49],"have":[50,135,176,188],"considered":[51],"using":[52,79,311,344],"teach":[55,84,101,195,360],"more":[56,204],"advanced":[57,85,361],"concepts.This":[58],"paper":[59,339],"argues":[60],"peeling":[62],"abstraction":[67],"by":[70,142,219,274,283],"uncoupling":[71],"from":[73,326],"visual":[75],"development":[76],"environment,":[77,380],"an":[80,105,349],"\"uncoupled":[81],"Alice\"":[82],"object-oriented":[86,107,362],"design.In":[87],"this":[88,97,256,288],"paper,":[89],"detailed":[90],"examples":[91],"are":[92,115,231],"given":[93],"illustrate":[95],"how":[96,130,365],"done":[99],"patterns":[103],"upper-level":[106],"class.":[109],"IntroductIonFascinating":[110],"applications":[111,144],"computer":[113,121,133],"science":[114,134],"all":[116],"around":[117],"us.Mobile":[118],"devices,":[119],"interactive":[120],"games,":[122],"intelligent":[124],"search":[125],"engines":[126],"remind":[127],"us":[128],"innovations":[131],"impacted":[136],"daily":[137],"living.Unfortunately,":[138],"excitement":[140],"generated":[141],"these":[143],"not":[146],"consistently":[147],"found":[148],"way":[150],"into":[151,303],"classroom.This":[153],"especially":[155],"apparent":[156],"classes:":[160],"difficult":[163],"struggle":[166],"often":[167],"leads":[168],"frustrated":[170],"poor":[173],"retention.Fortunately,":[174],"researchers":[175],"produced":[177],"methods":[178],"tools":[180,313],"such":[181],"as":[182,348],"Alice,":[183],"BlueJ,":[184],"Greenfoot,":[186],"which":[187,294],"helped":[189],"educators":[190],"engage":[191],"objectoriented":[197],"concepts":[198],"[4,5,6,7].Alice":[199],"one":[201],"successful":[205],"tools,":[206,358],"allowing":[207,249],"quickly":[210],"program":[211],"interactive,":[212],"three-dimensional":[213],"environments":[214],"without":[215],"frustration":[217,281],"caused":[218,282],"rigid":[220],"requirements":[221],"syntax.Two":[223],"important":[224],"reasons":[225],"success":[228],"drag-anddrop":[233],"interface":[235,272,329],"rich":[238],"engaging":[240],"environment.The":[242],"former":[243],"been":[245,261],"extremely":[246],"helpful":[247],"programmers":[251],"create":[253],"fun":[254],"applications.However,":[255],"same":[257],"feature":[258],"also":[260],"subject":[263],"criticism:":[265],"some":[266],"argue":[267],"that":[268],"intuitive":[270,328],"provided":[273],"simply":[276],"postpones":[277],"challenges":[279],"syntax":[284],"[8].In":[285],"response":[286],"criticism":[289],"3":[291,319,346],"released,":[293],"allows":[295,320],"student":[297,322],"import":[299],"their":[300],"programs":[302,310],"NetBeans":[304],"continue":[306],"develop":[308],"industrystandard":[312],"languages":[316,356],"[1].Essentially,":[317],"\"uncouple\"":[324],"(the":[330],"training":[331],"wheels)":[332],"commence":[334],"\"in":[336],"raw\".This":[338],"presents":[340],"case":[342],"\"uncoupled\"":[347],"external":[350],"library,":[351],"conjunction":[353],"with":[354],"industry-standard":[355],"design.It":[363],"explains":[364],"Eclipse":[367],"Integrated":[368],"Development":[369],"Environment":[370],"can":[371],"be":[372],"used":[373],"place":[375],"Alice's":[377],"graphical":[378],"describes":[382],"detail":[384]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}