{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071833049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2499393.2499402","title":"Using evidential reasoning to make qualified predictions of software quality","display_name":"Using evidential reasoning to make qualified predictions of software quality","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071833049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2499393.2499402","mag":"2071833049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2499393.2499402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2499393.2499402","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Using_Evidential_Reasoning_to_Make_Qualified_Predictions_of_Software_Quality/10155845","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034625397","display_name":"Neil Walkinshaw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2134-6548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Neil Walkinshaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Leicester, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Leicester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034625397"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93251523,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7154237627983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuition","display_name":"Intuition","score":0.6547552347183228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"Maintainability","score":0.6252888441085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.6201823353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5944045782089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidential-reasoning-approach","display_name":"Evidential reasoning approach","score":0.5409944653511047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ignorance","display_name":"Ignorance","score":0.49233973026275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46250244975090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"Data quality","score":0.4333905279636383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.39694175124168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36733853816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.34352558851242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.22916138172149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.20765936374664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1268080770969391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.11083856225013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.10703173279762268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7154237627983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132010649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189222","display_name":"Intuition","level":2,"score":0.6547552347183228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.6252888441085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.6201823353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5944045782089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156201811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5418360","display_name":"Evidential reasoning approach","level":4,"score":0.5409944653511047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778732403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815577","display_name":"Ignorance","level":2,"score":0.49233973026275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46250244975090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.4333905279636383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.39694175124168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36733853816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34352558851242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.22916138172149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.20765936374664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1268080770969391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.11083856225013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.10703173279762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97944126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5001864","display_name":"Business decision mapping","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2499393.2499402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2499393.2499402","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10155845","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Using_Evidential_Reasoning_to_Make_Qualified_Predictions_of_Software_Quality/10155845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/28050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402365","display_name":"Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","host_organization_name":"University of Leicester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10155845","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Using_Evidential_Reasoning_to_Make_Qualified_Predictions_of_Software_Quality/10155845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310234","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168970045","https://openalex.org/W1512921847","https://openalex.org/W1514100826","https://openalex.org/W1526328753","https://openalex.org/W1577034617","https://openalex.org/W1971207998","https://openalex.org/W2097883090","https://openalex.org/W2116289830","https://openalex.org/W2120160105","https://openalex.org/W2159942800","https://openalex.org/W2162420599","https://openalex.org/W2163246860","https://openalex.org/W2797148637","https://openalex.org/W2904900506","https://openalex.org/W2963302548","https://openalex.org/W3098377074","https://openalex.org/W3217434207","https://openalex.org/W4301347335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390275524","https://openalex.org/W205047256","https://openalex.org/W2062501266","https://openalex.org/W2156326464","https://openalex.org/W156784362","https://openalex.org/W2123249410","https://openalex.org/W3106347370","https://openalex.org/W3082463427","https://openalex.org/W2171249361","https://openalex.org/W2988912079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"quality":[1,13,84,140],"is":[2,96],"commonly":[3],"characterised":[4],"in":[5,144],"a":[6,107,123,145],"top-down":[7],"manner.":[8],"High-level":[9],"notions":[10,23,31],"such":[11,24,32,57],"as":[12,25,33,58],"are":[14,42],"decomposed":[15],"into":[16,106],"hierarchies":[17,102],"of":[18,39,47,77,100,103,113,151],"sub-factors,":[19,53],"ranging":[20],"from":[21,44],"abstract":[22,40],"maintainability":[26],"and":[27,61,91,93,110,130,159,173],"reliability":[28],"to":[29,82,89,142,164],"lower-level":[30,52],"test":[34],"coverage":[35],"or":[36,178],"team-size.":[37],"Assessments":[38],"factors":[41,85],"derived":[43],"relevant":[45],"sources":[46,56],"information":[48],"about":[49,128],"their":[50],"respective":[51],"by":[54,148],"surveying":[55],"metrics":[59],"data":[60,79,105],"inspection":[62],"reports.":[63],"This":[64,115],"can":[65,133],"be":[66,73,87],"difficult":[67],"because":[68],"(1)":[69],"evidence":[70,131],"might":[71],"not":[72],"available,":[74],"(2)":[75],"interpretations":[76],"the":[78,139,149,170],"with":[80],"respect":[81],"certain":[83],"may":[86],"subject":[88],"doubt":[90,177],"intuition,":[92],"(3)":[94],"there":[95],"no":[97],"straightforward":[98],"means":[99],"blending":[101],"heterogeneous":[104],"single":[108],"coherent":[109],"quantitative":[111],"prediction":[112],"quality.":[114],"paper":[116],"shows":[117],"how":[118],"Evidential":[119],"Reasoning":[120],"(ER)":[121],"-":[122,132],"mathematical":[124],"technique":[125],"for":[126],"reasoning":[127],"uncertainty":[129,157],"address":[134],"this":[135],"problem.":[136],"It":[137],"enables":[138],"assessment":[141],"proceed":[143],"bottom-up":[146],"manner,":[147],"provision":[150],"low-level":[152],"assessments":[153],"that":[154,167],"make":[155,174],"any":[156,176],"explicit,":[158],"automatically":[160],"propagating":[161],"these":[162],"up":[163],"higher-level":[165],"'belief-functions'":[166],"accurately":[168],"summarise":[169],"developer's":[171],"opinion":[172],"explicit":[175],"ignorance.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}