{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972433423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462184","title":"P","display_name":"P","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972433423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462184","mag":"1972433423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2491956.2462184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462184","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042181450","display_name":"Ankush Desai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9006-0100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162141","display_name":"Microsoft (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ww0w091","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ankush Desai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India","Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103989973","display_name":"Vivek Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-6648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111897571","display_name":"Ethan K. Jackson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ethan Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072464909","display_name":"Shaz Qadeer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaz Qadeer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076139746","display_name":"Sriram K. Rajamani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1400-7065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162141","display_name":"Microsoft (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ww0w091","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sriram Rajamani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India","Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Bangalore, India#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011927030","display_name":"Damien Zufferey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157556583","display_name":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","ror":"https://ror.org/03gnh5541","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damien Zufferey","raw_affiliation_strings":["IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria","IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042181450"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210162141"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.4374,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99468996,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"321","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.850688099861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8369659781455994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.8132205009460449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.7869855165481567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondeterministic-algorithm","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","score":0.6701475977897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.529977560043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.4884759485721588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4507838785648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.24451923370361328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.850688099861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8369659781455994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.8132205009460449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.7869855165481567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176181172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3490301","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6701475977897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.529977560043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.4884759485721588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4507838785648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.24451923370361328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2491956.2462184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462184","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120891900","https://openalex.org/W1521891776","https://openalex.org/W1887412317","https://openalex.org/W1972537186","https://openalex.org/W2023808162","https://openalex.org/W2050942832","https://openalex.org/W2055295051","https://openalex.org/W2065675749","https://openalex.org/W2081938726","https://openalex.org/W2099529102","https://openalex.org/W2102640269","https://openalex.org/W2106247017","https://openalex.org/W2109819183","https://openalex.org/W2110425399","https://openalex.org/W2122410182","https://openalex.org/W2125415493","https://openalex.org/W2131062488","https://openalex.org/W2137865376","https://openalex.org/W2145098440","https://openalex.org/W2340735175","https://openalex.org/W2623293810","https://openalex.org/W3144368627","https://openalex.org/W4211008702","https://openalex.org/W4230480080","https://openalex.org/W4235116491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379153735","https://openalex.org/W2046172023","https://openalex.org/W2972896947","https://openalex.org/W2170146914","https://openalex.org/W2350278424","https://openalex.org/W2071432835","https://openalex.org/W2355105570","https://openalex.org/W2083974823","https://openalex.org/W2104462386","https://openalex.org/W1573099115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"describe":[1],"the":[2,19,23,48,73,77,82,104],"design":[3],"and":[4,42],"implementation":[5],"of":[6,28],"P,":[7],"a":[8,26,53,99],"domain-specific":[9],"language":[10],"to":[11,21,75,80,96],"write":[12],"asynchronous":[13],"event":[14],"driven":[15],"code.":[16],"P":[17,39,54,71],"allows":[18,72],"programmer":[20,74],"specify":[22,76],"system":[24,83,101],"as":[25,86],"collection":[27],"interacting":[29],"state":[30],"machines,":[31],"which":[32],"communicate":[33],"with":[34],"each":[35],"other":[36],"using":[37,67],"events.":[38],"unifies":[40],"modeling":[41],"programming":[43],"into":[44,58],"one":[45],"activity":[46],"for":[47],"programmer.":[49],"Not":[50],"only":[51],"can":[52,63],"program":[55],"be":[56,65],"compiled":[57],"executable":[59,97],"code,":[60],"but":[61],"it":[62],"also":[64],"tested":[66],"model":[68],"checking":[69],"techniques.":[70],"environment,":[78],"used":[79],"\"close\"":[81],"during":[84,94],"testing,":[85],"nondeterministic":[87],"ghost":[88],"machines.":[89],"Ghost":[90],"machines":[91],"are":[92],"erased":[93],"compilation":[95],"code;":[98],"type":[100],"ensures":[102],"that":[103],"erasure":[105],"is":[106],"semantics":[107],"preserving.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}