{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970165929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462180","title":"Optimizing database-backed applications with query synthesis","display_name":"Optimizing database-backed applications with query synthesis","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970165929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462180","mag":"1970165929"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2491956.2462180","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462180","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059427197","display_name":"Alvin Cheung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-6263"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alvin Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010786661","display_name":"Armando Solar-Lezama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7604-8252"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armando Solar-Lezama","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037742794","display_name":"Samuel Madden","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Madden","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059427197"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.1948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98888351,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8874642848968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joins","display_name":"Joins","score":0.801235556602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sql","display_name":"SQL","score":0.7635213136672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.6981642246246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.5678041577339172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragment","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","score":0.5145451426506042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.5019128322601318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4665503203868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database-management-system","display_name":"Relational database management system","score":0.4608663022518158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4524305462837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.42976847290992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-algebra","display_name":"Relational algebra","score":0.41440466046333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4068511724472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.38824039697647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.10504508018493652}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8874642848968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778692605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4041866","display_name":"Joins","level":2,"score":0.801235556602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510870499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607","display_name":"SQL","level":2,"score":0.7635213136672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6981642246246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.5678041577339172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18392052","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5145451426506042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.5019128322601318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4665503203868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24394798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database management system","level":3,"score":0.4608663022518158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4524305462837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.42976847290992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95916125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840540","display_name":"Relational algebra","level":3,"score":0.41440466046333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4068511724472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.38824039697647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.10504508018493652}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2491956.2462180","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2491956.2462180","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.842.746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.842.746","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/90388/Madden_Optimizing%20database.pdf%3Bjsessionid%3D54C243AD4038AD71410AFB3C4E06F071?sequence%3D1","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/90388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MIT web domain","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156574570","https://openalex.org/W1513902353","https://openalex.org/W1519503479","https://openalex.org/W1558832481","https://openalex.org/W1812582761","https://openalex.org/W1925669739","https://openalex.org/W1966982815","https://openalex.org/W1972085995","https://openalex.org/W2006637140","https://openalex.org/W2010418442","https://openalex.org/W2016943912","https://openalex.org/W2033229728","https://openalex.org/W2041871643","https://openalex.org/W2060440626","https://openalex.org/W2066210260","https://openalex.org/W2077850509","https://openalex.org/W2088675571","https://openalex.org/W2092019763","https://openalex.org/W2093634202","https://openalex.org/W2101000001","https://openalex.org/W2103318645","https://openalex.org/W2111950041","https://openalex.org/W2112866468","https://openalex.org/W2113489899","https://openalex.org/W2125357166","https://openalex.org/W2126891436","https://openalex.org/W2131146089","https://openalex.org/W2136327713","https://openalex.org/W2147543351","https://openalex.org/W2149236697","https://openalex.org/W2153876009","https://openalex.org/W2160985005","https://openalex.org/W2162198312","https://openalex.org/W2165084107","https://openalex.org/W2170199760","https://openalex.org/W2170577595","https://openalex.org/W2987907651","https://openalex.org/W3146075203","https://openalex.org/W4206031975","https://openalex.org/W4243125208","https://openalex.org/W4247541922","https://openalex.org/W6633513001","https://openalex.org/W6675321639","https://openalex.org/W6680131817","https://openalex.org/W6681575368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W411760269","https://openalex.org/W1982455124","https://openalex.org/W2098812463","https://openalex.org/W2085988990","https://openalex.org/W1575529579","https://openalex.org/W1639806124","https://openalex.org/W2476511644","https://openalex.org/W2545844851","https://openalex.org/W3022423983","https://openalex.org/W196537285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Object-relational":[0],"mapping":[1],"libraries":[2],"are":[3,120],"a":[4,83,113,123,198],"popular":[5],"way":[6],"for":[7,112],"applications":[8],"to":[9,18,34,42,107,132,159,169],"interact":[10],"with":[11],"databases":[12],"because":[13],"they":[14],"provide":[15],"transparent":[16],"access":[17],"the":[19,22,26,57,137,142,162,187],"database":[20,62],"using":[21,29,122,186],"same":[23],"language":[24],"as":[25,37,66,101],"application.":[27],"Unfortunately,":[28],"such":[30,65],"frameworks":[31],"often":[32],"leads":[33],"poor":[35],"performance,":[36],"modularity":[38],"concerns":[39],"encourage":[40],"developers":[41],"implement":[43],"relational":[44,59,204],"operations":[45],"in":[46,157],"application":[47,50,90,209],"code.":[48],"Such":[49],"code":[51,114,146,174,184],"does":[52],"not":[53],"take":[54],"advantage":[55],"of":[56,69,74,89,126,141,182,200,214],"optimized":[58],"implementations":[60,68],"that":[61,85,129,148,193],"systems":[63],"provide,":[64],"efficient":[67],"joins":[70,150],"or":[71],"push":[72],"down":[73],"selection":[75],"predicates.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"paper":[79],"we":[80,191],"present":[81],"QBS,":[82],"system":[84],"automatically":[86,176],"transforms":[87],"fragments":[88,147,175],"logic":[91],"into":[92,203],"SQL":[93,170],"queries.":[94,171],"QBS":[95],"differs":[96],"from":[97,178],"traditional":[98],"compiler":[99],"optimizations":[100],"it":[102],"relies":[103],"on":[104],"synthesis":[105],"technology":[106],"generate":[108],"invariants":[109,119],"and":[110,118,139,151,206],"postconditions":[111,117,164],"fragment.":[115],"The":[116,153],"expressed":[121],"new":[124],"theory":[125,154],"ordered":[127],"relations":[128],"allows":[130],"us":[131],"reason":[133],"precisely":[134],"about":[135],"both":[136],"contents":[138],"order":[140],"records":[143],"produced":[144],"complex":[145],"compute":[149],"aggregates.":[152],"is":[155],"close":[156],"expressiveness":[158],"SQL,":[160],"so":[161],"synthesized":[163],"can":[165,196],"be":[166],"readily":[167],"translated":[168],"Using":[172],"75":[173],"extracted":[177],"over":[179],"120k":[180],"lines":[181],"open-source":[183],"written":[185],"Java":[188],"Hibernate":[189],"ORM,":[190],"demonstrate":[192],"our":[194],"approach":[195],"convert":[197],"variety":[199],"imperative":[201],"constructs":[202],"specifications":[205],"significantly":[207],"improve":[208],"performance":[210],"asymptotically":[211],"by":[212],"orders":[213],"magnitude.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
