{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044284488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2488194","title":"Mining for geographically disperse communities in social networks by leveraging distance modularity","display_name":"Mining for geographically disperse communities in social networks by leveraging distance modularity","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044284488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2488194","mag":"2044284488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2487575.2488194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2488194","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081115472","display_name":"Paulo Shakarian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3159-4660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192545095","display_name":"United States Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/01jepya76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I192545095","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Shakarian","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA","U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019851061","display_name":"Patrick Roos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Roos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053963915","display_name":"Devon Callahan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192545095","display_name":"United States Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/01jepya76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I192545095","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devon Callahan","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA","U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065286682","display_name":"Cory Kirk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192545095","display_name":"United States Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/01jepya76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I192545095","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cory Kirk","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA","U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7486,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84746078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1402","last_page":"1409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.8042900562286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.7921701669692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6132125854492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.5950176119804382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5656399130821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5078015923500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46279358863830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.44468653202056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.43843603134155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3067847788333893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.25001102685928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14156675338745117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.11865958571434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1168999969959259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.8042900562286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.7921701669692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6132125854492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5950176119804382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5656399130821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5078015923500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46279358863830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.44468653202056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43843603134155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3067847788333893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.25001102685928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14156675338745117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11865958571434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1168999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2487575.2488194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2488194","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.744.6804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.744.6804","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.3668.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1236587917","https://openalex.org/W1971421925","https://openalex.org/W1987252346","https://openalex.org/W2004830432","https://openalex.org/W2025997294","https://openalex.org/W2039139482","https://openalex.org/W2047013860","https://openalex.org/W2075557508","https://openalex.org/W2089458547","https://openalex.org/W2095293504","https://openalex.org/W2098206081","https://openalex.org/W2106545428","https://openalex.org/W2109726592","https://openalex.org/W2110953678","https://openalex.org/W2127048411","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2143554828","https://openalex.org/W2160444575","https://openalex.org/W2162873750","https://openalex.org/W2261099484","https://openalex.org/W3037085755","https://openalex.org/W3099768174","https://openalex.org/W6660273984","https://openalex.org/W6679023746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367313141","https://openalex.org/W2004086023","https://openalex.org/W2733999579","https://openalex.org/W2110217573","https://openalex.org/W4283374591","https://openalex.org/W2910751785","https://openalex.org/W4390100400","https://openalex.org/W4362512700","https://openalex.org/W4366547507","https://openalex.org/W4230687177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"networks":[1,25,99,118],"where":[2],"the":[3,45,82,91,147],"actors":[4],"occupy":[5],"geospatial":[6,129],"locations":[7],"are":[8,26,40,159],"prevalent":[9],"in":[10],"military,":[11,154],"intelligence,":[12,155],"and":[13,20,119,140,156,166],"policing":[14],"operations":[15],"such":[16,52],"as":[17,53,77],"counter-terrorism,":[18],"counter-insurgency,":[19],"combating":[21],"organized":[22],"crime.":[23],"These":[24],"often":[27],"derived":[28],"from":[29,44,114],"a":[30,54,68,120],"variety":[31],"of":[32,37,70,84,98],"intelligence":[33],"sources.":[34],"The":[35],"discovery":[36],"communities":[38],"that":[39,57,100],"geographically":[41,62,86],"disperse":[42,63,87],"stems":[43],"requirement":[46],"to":[47,60,73,95,104,111,135,149,163],"identify":[48],"higher-level":[49],"organizational":[50],"structures,":[51],"logistics":[55],"group":[56],"provides":[58],"support":[59],"various":[61,142],"terrorist":[64],"cells.":[65],"We":[66,107],"apply":[67,108],"variant":[69],"Newman-Girvan":[71],"modularity":[72,151],"this":[74,105,109,134,170],"problem":[75,83],"known":[76],"distance":[78,150],"modularity.":[79],"To":[80],"address":[81],"finding":[85],"communities,":[88],"we":[89],"modify":[90],"well-known":[92],"Louvain":[93],"algorithm":[94,110,148],"find":[96],"partitions":[97],"provide":[101],"near-optimal":[102],"solutions":[103],"quantity.":[106],"numerous":[112],"samples":[113],"two":[115],"real-world":[116],"social":[117],"terrorism":[121],"network":[122],"data":[123],"set":[124],"whose":[125],"nodes":[126],"have":[127],"associated":[128],"locations.":[130],"Our":[131],"experiments":[132],"show":[133],"be":[136],"an":[137],"effective":[138],"approach":[139],"highlight":[141],"practical":[143],"considerations":[144],"when":[145],"applying":[146],"maximization.":[152],"Several":[153],"law-enforcement":[157],"organizations":[158],"working":[160],"with":[161],"us":[162],"further":[164],"test":[165],"field":[167],"software":[168],"for":[169],"emerging":[171],"application.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
