{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990106316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2487676","title":"Subsampling for efficient and effective unsupervised outlier detection ensembles","display_name":"Subsampling for efficient and effective unsupervised outlier detection ensembles","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990106316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2487676","mag":"1990106316"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2487575.2487676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2487676","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047196019","display_name":"Arthur Zimek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-4208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Zimek","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018287320","display_name":"Matthew Gaudet","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Gaudet","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014723418","display_name":"Ricardo J. G. B. Campello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-3492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo J.G.B. Campello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021763337","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Sander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-7268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Sander","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047196019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.8091,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":188,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99091511,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"428","last_page":"436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.8895677328109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.8863911032676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6947140097618103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6648871898651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuition","display_name":"Intuition","score":0.6612344980239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5675082802772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5580602884292603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5327733755111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4972265064716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-outlier-factor","display_name":"Local outlier factor","score":0.4192415475845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40257537364959717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.8895677328109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.8863911032676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6947140097618103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6648871898651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132010649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189222","display_name":"Intuition","level":2,"score":0.6612344980239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5675082802772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5580602884292603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5327733755111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4972265064716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387942","display_name":"Local outlier factor","level":3,"score":0.4192415475845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40257537364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2487575.2487676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2487676","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.707.4294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.707.4294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.dbs.ifi.lmu.de/%7Ezimek/publications/KDD2013/subsampling-outlier-ensemble.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.jcu.edu.au:46775","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400519","display_name":"ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86467917","host_organization_name":"James Cook University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86467917"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164607750","https://openalex.org/W1509092951","https://openalex.org/W1521852520","https://openalex.org/W1530232915","https://openalex.org/W1534477342","https://openalex.org/W1853854734","https://openalex.org/W1970655212","https://openalex.org/W1978239142","https://openalex.org/W1986332411","https://openalex.org/W1991357106","https://openalex.org/W1999994948","https://openalex.org/W2000661457","https://openalex.org/W2007869097","https://openalex.org/W2015887370","https://openalex.org/W2041184937","https://openalex.org/W2048430744","https://openalex.org/W2049058890","https://openalex.org/W2050439513","https://openalex.org/W2056081083","https://openalex.org/W2066219179","https://openalex.org/W2075949491","https://openalex.org/W2082938293","https://openalex.org/W2085843229","https://openalex.org/W2097645701","https://openalex.org/W2102999520","https://openalex.org/W2103704311","https://openalex.org/W2107208924","https://openalex.org/W2110784166","https://openalex.org/W2111171370","https://openalex.org/W2115346774","https://openalex.org/W2117544284","https://openalex.org/W2117839996","https://openalex.org/W2124536999","https://openalex.org/W2125543909","https://openalex.org/W2129281431","https://openalex.org/W2135293965","https://openalex.org/W2136369688","https://openalex.org/W2144182447","https://openalex.org/W2146570986","https://openalex.org/W2148633987","https://openalex.org/W2160200253","https://openalex.org/W2160868604","https://openalex.org/W2167055186","https://openalex.org/W2169446650","https://openalex.org/W2249382963","https://openalex.org/W2331052961","https://openalex.org/W2335920499","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W4230927207","https://openalex.org/W4253461361","https://openalex.org/W4254182148","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6662507819","https://openalex.org/W6986189286"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2499612753","https://openalex.org/W2770832849","https://openalex.org/W3111802945","https://openalex.org/W114119537","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W4240627425","https://openalex.org/W2761705761","https://openalex.org/W205872183","https://openalex.org/W2019014808","https://openalex.org/W2946096271"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Outlier":[0],"detection":[1,21],"and":[2,29,45,167],"ensemble":[3,17,80,139],"learning":[4],"are":[5,121],"well":[6],"established":[7],"research":[8],"directions":[9],"in":[10,92,126],"data":[11],"mining":[12],"yet":[13],"the":[14,67,70,75,89,93,97,111,127,147,164,168,171,180,185],"application":[15],"of":[16,69,83,130,140,146,158,170],"techniques":[18],"to":[19,35,124],"outlier":[20,40,49,72,104,131,142,182],"has":[22,106],"been":[23,108],"rarely":[24],"studied.":[25],"Here,":[26],"we":[27,115],"propose":[28],"study":[30],"subsampling":[31],"as":[32],"a":[33,53,134],"technique":[34],"induce":[36],"diversity":[37,160],"among":[38],"individual":[39],"detectors.":[41],"We":[42],"show":[43],"analytically":[44,118],"experimentally":[46],"that":[47,99],"an":[48,79,138],"detector":[50,73,183],"based":[51,154],"on":[52,74,81,144,155,163,184],"subsample":[54],"per":[55],"se,":[56],"besides":[57],"inducing":[58],"diversity,":[59],"can,":[60],"under":[61],"certain":[62],"conditions,":[63],"already":[64],"improve":[65,101],"upon":[66],"results":[68],"same":[71],"complete":[76,186],"dataset.":[77],"Building":[78],"top":[82],"several":[84,141],"subsamples":[85,145],"is":[86,149],"further":[87],"improving":[88],"results.":[90],"While":[91],"literature":[94],"so":[95],"far":[96],"intuition":[98],"ensembles":[100,120,153],"over":[102],"single":[103,181],"detectors":[105,143],"just":[107,179],"transferred":[109],"from":[110],"classification":[112],"literature,":[113],"here":[114],"also":[116,122],"justify":[117],"why":[119],"expected":[123],"work":[125],"unsupervised":[128],"area":[129],"detection.":[132],"As":[133],"side":[135],"effect,":[136],"running":[137],"dataset":[148],"more":[150,176],"efficient":[151,177],"than":[152,178],"other":[156],"means":[157],"introducing":[159],"and,":[161],"depending":[162],"sample":[165],"rate":[166],"size":[169],"ensemble,":[172],"can":[173],"be":[174],"even":[175],"data.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
