{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025653471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487166.2487182","title":"Dynamic provisioning in next-generation data centers with on-site power production","display_name":"Dynamic provisioning in next-generation data centers with on-site power production","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025653471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487166.2487182","mag":"2025653471"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2487166.2487182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487166.2487182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Future energy systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://works.bepress.com/ramesh_sitaraman/17/download/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071200132","display_name":"Jinlong Tu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinlong Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065770502","display_name":"Lian Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6040-9578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lian Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100602652","display_name":"Minghua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-0037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037538509","display_name":"Ramesh K. Sitaraman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0558-6875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10734018","display_name":"Akamai (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03tarb191","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10734018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh K. Sitaraman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Akamai Technologies, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Akamai Technologies, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10734018"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071200132"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4089,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96761933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"137","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-analysis","display_name":"Competitive analysis","score":0.716803789138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7094020843505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-algorithm","display_name":"Online algorithm","score":0.6919237971305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisioning","display_name":"Provisioning","score":0.6395342350006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.633069634437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.5076154470443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.4445026218891144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4373524487018585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.43333104252815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4280589818954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.398806095123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3784245550632477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34801995754241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21598878502845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2077166736125946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.14566445350646973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12248772382736206}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102408133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156350","display_name":"Competitive analysis","level":3,"score":0.716803789138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7094020843505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196921405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786431","display_name":"Online algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6919237971305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.6395342350006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.633069634437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.5076154470443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.4445026218891144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4373524487018585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.43333104252815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4280589818954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.398806095123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3784245550632477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34801995754241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21598878502845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2077166736125946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.14566445350646973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12248772382736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2487166.2487182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2487166.2487182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Future energy systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:works.bepress.com:ramesh_sitaraman-1031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://works.bepress.com/ramesh_sitaraman/17","pdf_url":"https://works.bepress.com/ramesh_sitaraman/17/download/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402240","display_name":"ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","host_organization_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ramesh Sitaraman","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1006.34","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1006.34","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://works.bepress.com/ramesh_sitaraman/17/download/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.377.9625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.377.9625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://home.ie.cuhk.edu.hk/~mhchen/papers/DCM.eEnergy.2013.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.759.1502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.759.1502","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.6775.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:works.bepress.com:ramesh_sitaraman-1031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://works.bepress.com/ramesh_sitaraman/17","pdf_url":"https://works.bepress.com/ramesh_sitaraman/17/download/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402240","display_name":"ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","host_organization_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ramesh Sitaraman","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307791","display_name":"Cisco Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321019","display_name":"University Grants Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/00djwmt25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2025653471.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1266649199","https://openalex.org/W1510445203","https://openalex.org/W1513140687","https://openalex.org/W1552828154","https://openalex.org/W1577469378","https://openalex.org/W1821730416","https://openalex.org/W1974862874","https://openalex.org/W1975553364","https://openalex.org/W1976986662","https://openalex.org/W1977033871","https://openalex.org/W1979768362","https://openalex.org/W2020196954","https://openalex.org/W2024196123","https://openalex.org/W2027077820","https://openalex.org/W2037798990","https://openalex.org/W2064359039","https://openalex.org/W2107128713","https://openalex.org/W2126709108","https://openalex.org/W2126869380","https://openalex.org/W2130335803","https://openalex.org/W2134807578","https://openalex.org/W2135798231","https://openalex.org/W2139041001","https://openalex.org/W2149212714","https://openalex.org/W2153819496","https://openalex.org/W2159528632","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2588401480","https://openalex.org/W4290864872"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4213299358","https://openalex.org/W2564742953","https://openalex.org/W2793095688","https://openalex.org/W1623410360","https://openalex.org/W3115340459","https://openalex.org/W2950803469","https://openalex.org/W2583614279","https://openalex.org/W2055187606","https://openalex.org/W2004975914","https://openalex.org/W2109659895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,106],"critical":[1],"need":[2],"for":[3],"clean":[4],"and":[5,44,48,59,68,132,156,162,172,211,225,228],"economical":[6],"sources":[7],"of":[8,30,96,109,169,203,232],"energy":[9,17,21,39,50,151],"is":[10,100,113,159,219],"transforming":[11],"data":[12,32,76,181],"centers":[13,33,77,182],"that":[14,34,78,89,142,183,198],"are":[15,213,230],"primarily":[16],"consumers":[18],"to":[19,190],"also":[20,173],"producers.":[22],"We":[23,62,140],"focus":[24],"on":[25],"minimizing":[26],"the":[27,38,45,49,64,81,91,116,124,133,143,149,166,175,191,220],"operating":[28],"costs":[29],"next-generation":[31],"can":[35],"jointly":[36],"optimize":[37],"supply":[40],"from":[41,52],"on-site":[42,185,234],"generators":[43],"power":[46,57,157,186,223],"grid,":[47,82,192],"demand":[51,152],"servers":[53,171],"as":[54,56,115,146,148],"well":[55],"conditioning":[58],"cooling":[60],"systems.":[61],"formulate":[63],"cost":[65,126],"minimization":[66],"problem":[67],"present":[69],"an":[70,110,195,233],"offline":[71,134],"optimal":[72,135],"algorithm.":[73],"For":[74,179],"\"on-grid\"":[75],"use":[79],"only":[80],"we":[83,193],"devise":[84],"a":[85,101,160,200],"deterministic":[86],"online":[87,111,196],"algorithm":[88,112,197],"achieves":[90,199],"best":[92],"possible":[93,121],"competitive":[94,107,201],"ratio":[95,108,118,202],"2\u03b1s,":[97],"where":[98,209],"\u03b1s":[99,210],"normalized":[102,214],"look-ahead":[103,215],"window":[104,216],"size.":[105],"defined":[114],"maximum":[117,221],"(over":[119],"all":[120],"inputs)":[122],"between":[123],"algorithm's":[125],"(with":[127],"no":[128],"or":[129],"limited":[130],"look-ahead)":[131],"assuming":[136],"complete":[137],"future":[138],"information.":[139],"remark":[141],"results":[144],"hold":[145],"long":[147],"overall":[150],"(including":[153],"server,":[154],"cooling,":[155],"conditioning)":[158],"convex":[161],"increasing":[163],"function":[164],"in":[165,174,188],"total":[167,176],"number":[168],"active":[170],"server":[177],"load.":[178],"\"hybrid\"":[180],"have":[184],"generation":[187],"addition":[189],"develop":[194],"at":[204],"most":[205],"Pmax(2--\u03b1s)/co+cm/L":[206],"[1+2":[207],"Pmax--co/Pmax(1+\u03b1g],":[208],"\u03b1g":[212],"sizes,":[217],"Pmax":[218],"grid":[222],"price,":[224],"L,":[226],"co,":[227],"cm":[229],"parameters":[231],"generator.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}