{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152417697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2486001.2486008","title":"Mosaic","display_name":"Mosaic","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152417697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2486001.2486008","mag":"2152417697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2486001.2486008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2486001.2486008","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2486001.2486008","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2486001.2486008","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102888138","display_name":"Ning Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3178-3039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108581295","display_name":"Han Hee Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Hee Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101590175","display_name":"Yong Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0150"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035520160","display_name":"Marios Iliofotou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marios Iliofotou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113580213","display_name":"Antonio Nucci","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Nucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Narus Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100622097","display_name":"Zhi-Li Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8584-2319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045865983","display_name":"Aleksandar Kuzmanovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2622-6019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandar Kuzmanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"279","last_page":"290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7285687923431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.7171666622161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6549934148788452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5743940472602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mosaic","display_name":"Mosaic","score":0.5711453557014465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.542481541633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.5294796228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-leakage","display_name":"Information leakage","score":0.47787418961524963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.44717758893966675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sensitivity","display_name":"Information sensitivity","score":0.4226447343826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.42036280035972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-identity","display_name":"Digital identity","score":0.41946378350257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-information","display_name":"User information","score":0.41016343235969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.38790181279182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.1487419605255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12101313471794128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1007697582244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09276473522186279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7285687923431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.7171666622161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6549934148788452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5743940472602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110739175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133067","display_name":"Mosaic","level":2,"score":0.5711453557014465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.542481541633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.5294796228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.47787418961524963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.44717758893966675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.4226447343826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.42036280035972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779813694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528053","display_name":"Digital identity","level":3,"score":0.41946378350257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777622855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901844","display_name":"User information","level":3,"score":0.41016343235969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.38790181279182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.1487419605255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12101313471794128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1007697582244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09276473522186279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2486001.2486008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2486001.2486008","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2486001.2486008","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2486001.2486008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2486001.2486008","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2486001.2486008","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2152417697.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2152417697.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973980096","https://openalex.org/W1983750266","https://openalex.org/W2025636081","https://openalex.org/W2048212067","https://openalex.org/W2062864008","https://openalex.org/W2067191635","https://openalex.org/W2067481044","https://openalex.org/W2074937974","https://openalex.org/W2087321129","https://openalex.org/W2100727725","https://openalex.org/W2116648071","https://openalex.org/W2117406138","https://openalex.org/W2118994807","https://openalex.org/W2123539383","https://openalex.org/W2146097977","https://openalex.org/W2150623502","https://openalex.org/W2154685734","https://openalex.org/W2157723719","https://openalex.org/W2159675343","https://openalex.org/W2163263459","https://openalex.org/W2168523552","https://openalex.org/W2418021289","https://openalex.org/W2914970504","https://openalex.org/W4300452270"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288075818","https://openalex.org/W189451467","https://openalex.org/W2077568170","https://openalex.org/W3200138464","https://openalex.org/W42776009","https://openalex.org/W2143793665","https://openalex.org/W2138926267","https://openalex.org/W3010548582","https://openalex.org/W3167747526","https://openalex.org/W3192707286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,32,47,64,67,105,122,143,149,157,160,179,190],"proliferation":[2],"of":[3,49,101,142,151,193],"online":[4],"social":[5],"networking":[6],"(OSN)":[7],"and":[8,71,175,188],"mobile":[9,36,73],"devices,":[10],"preserving":[11],"user":[12,90,158,195],"privacy":[13,33,91],"has":[14],"become":[15],"a":[16,86,131],"great":[17],"challenge.":[18],"While":[19],"prior":[20],"studies":[21],"have":[22],"directly":[23],"focused":[24],"on":[25,128],"OSN":[26,50],"services,":[27],"we":[28,120,136],"call":[29],"attention":[30],"to":[31,61,78,81,89,97,111,140,148,155,178],"leakage":[34,192],"in":[35,63],"network":[37,112],"data.":[38],"This":[39],"concern":[40],"is":[41],"motivated":[42],"by":[43,183],"two":[44],"factors.":[45],"First,":[46],"prevalence":[48],"usage":[51],"leaves":[52],"identifiable":[53],"digital":[54],"footprints":[55],"that":[56,138],"can":[57,145],"be":[58,146],"traced":[59],"back":[60],"users":[62,70],"real-world.":[65],"Second,":[66],"association":[68],"between":[69],"their":[72],"devices":[74],"makes":[75],"it":[76],"easier":[77],"associate":[79],"traffic":[80,103,129,144],"its":[82,118],"owners.":[83],"These":[84],"pose":[85],"serious":[87],"threat":[88],"as":[92,164,170],"they":[93],"enable":[94],"an":[95],"adversary":[96],"attribute":[98],"significant":[99],"portions":[100],"data":[102],"including":[104],"ones":[106],"with":[107],"NO":[108],"identity":[109],"leaks":[110],"users'":[113],"true":[114],"identities.":[115],"To":[116],"demonstrate":[117],"feasibility,":[119],"develop":[121],"Tessellation":[123,127],"methodology.":[124],"By":[125],"applying":[126],"from":[130],"cellular":[132],"service":[133],"provider":[134],"(CSP),":[135],"show":[137],"up":[139],"50%":[141],"attributed":[147],"names":[150],"users.":[152,180],"In":[153],"addition":[154],"revealing":[156],"identity,":[159],"reconstructed":[161],"profile,":[162],"dubbed":[163],"\"mosaic,\"":[165],"associates":[166],"personal":[167],"information":[168],"such":[169],"political":[171],"views,":[172],"browsing":[173],"habits,":[174],"favorite":[176],"apps":[177],"We":[181],"conclude":[182],"discussing":[184],"approaches":[185],"for":[186],"preventing":[187],"mitigating":[189],"alarming":[191],"sensitive":[194],"information.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
