{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117788358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2485922.2485961","title":"Zombie memory: Extending memory lifetime by reviving dead blocks","display_name":"Zombie memory: Extending memory lifetime by reviving dead blocks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117788358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2485922.2485961","mag":"2117788358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2485922.2485961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2485922.2485961","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005402339","display_name":"Rodolfo Azevedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8803-0401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rodolfo Azevedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Campinas","University of Campinas;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084327371","display_name":"John D. Davis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-0857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John D. Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research","Microsoft research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024493389","display_name":"Karin Strau\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8327-5477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karin Strauss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research","Microsoft research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036468719","display_name":"Parikshit Gopalan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parikshit Gopalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research","Microsoft research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015555842","display_name":"Mark S. Manasse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8981-8225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Manasse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research","Microsoft research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046685409","display_name":"Sergey Yekhanin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergey Yekhanin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research","Microsoft research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005402339"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97648781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"452","last_page":"463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zombie","display_name":"Zombie","score":0.8429124355316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spare-part","display_name":"Spare part","score":0.7992801666259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7524700164794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.6803387403488159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-change-memory","display_name":"Phase-change memory","score":0.6076563596725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.4543059468269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.42779260873794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4136985242366791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33469879627227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.32817527651786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.24561846256256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1695626974105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.14354348182678223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11158108711242676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144446859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219164","display_name":"Zombie","level":2,"score":0.8429124355316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194648553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364774","display_name":"Spare part","level":2,"score":0.7992801666259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7524700164794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6803387403488159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64142963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153902","display_name":"Phase-change memory","level":3,"score":0.6076563596725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.4543059468269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.42779260873794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4136985242366791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33469879627227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.32817527651786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.24561846256256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1695626974105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.14354348182678223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11158108711242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133256868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180940","display_name":"Phase change","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2485922.2485961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2485922.2485961","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.352.4012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.352.4012","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~kstrauss/publications/ISCA13_Rodolfo_Azevedo.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487571163","https://openalex.org/W1500829088","https://openalex.org/W1606480398","https://openalex.org/W1987201308","https://openalex.org/W1995246886","https://openalex.org/W2036853599","https://openalex.org/W2047427636","https://openalex.org/W2048588974","https://openalex.org/W2053376043","https://openalex.org/W2061087832","https://openalex.org/W2076639947","https://openalex.org/W2078260102","https://openalex.org/W2093942696","https://openalex.org/W2097823832","https://openalex.org/W2098463429","https://openalex.org/W2102449048","https://openalex.org/W2112181056","https://openalex.org/W2112753327","https://openalex.org/W2112768159","https://openalex.org/W2114139104","https://openalex.org/W2114924497","https://openalex.org/W2115500527","https://openalex.org/W2118774755","https://openalex.org/W2123728009","https://openalex.org/W2128970384","https://openalex.org/W2130657217","https://openalex.org/W2134633067","https://openalex.org/W2135393827","https://openalex.org/W2138436606","https://openalex.org/W2155462575","https://openalex.org/W2156683452","https://openalex.org/W2161678437","https://openalex.org/W2163182174","https://openalex.org/W2283653978","https://openalex.org/W2464988756","https://openalex.org/W2884172106","https://openalex.org/W3099470245","https://openalex.org/W4214773815","https://openalex.org/W4239813889"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019862949","https://openalex.org/W2349033888","https://openalex.org/W2999811406","https://openalex.org/W2119668988","https://openalex.org/W2284303293","https://openalex.org/W4285047304","https://openalex.org/W2068001396","https://openalex.org/W4392942704","https://openalex.org/W4254007354","https://openalex.org/W2091878512"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Zombie":[0,33,128],"is":[1],"an":[2],"endurance":[3],"management":[4],"framework":[5],"that":[6,20,67,134],"enables":[7],"a":[8,75,116],"variety":[9],"of":[10,18,48,74],"error":[11,78,90],"correction":[12,79,91],"mechanisms":[13],"to":[14,72,93,130],"extend":[15],"the":[16,46,103,125],"lifetimes":[17],"memories":[19],"suffer":[21],"from":[22],"bit":[23],"failures":[24,97],"caused":[25,105],"by":[26,56,106],"wearout,":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29,96,124],"phase-change":[30],"memory":[31,52,132],"(PCM).":[32],"supports":[34],"both":[35],"single-level":[36],"cell":[37,41,137],"(SLC)":[38],"and":[39],"multi-level":[40],"(MLC)":[42],"variants.":[43],"It":[44],"extends":[45],"lifetime":[47],"blocks":[49,64,87,95,112],"in":[50,65,113],"working":[51,63,111],"pages":[53,66,115],"(primary":[54],"blocks)":[55],"pairing":[57],"them":[58],"with":[59],"spare":[60],"blocks,":[61],"i.e.,":[62],"have":[68],"been":[69],"disabled":[70],"due":[71],"exhaustion":[73],"single":[76],"block's":[77],"resources,":[80],"which":[81],"would":[82],"be":[83],"'dead'":[84],"otherwise.":[85],"Spare":[86],"adaptively":[88],"provide":[89],"resources":[92],"primary":[94],"accumulate":[98],"over":[99],"time.":[100],"This":[101],"reduces":[102],"waste":[104],"early":[107],"block":[108],"failures,":[109],"making":[110],"discarded":[114],"useful":[117],"resource.":[118],"Even":[119],"though":[120],"we":[121],"use":[122],"PCM":[123],"target":[126],"technology,":[127],"applies":[129],"any":[131],"technology":[133],"suffers":[135],"stuck-at":[136],"failures.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
