{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2110571046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2479724.2479742","title":"<i>Delta score</i>","display_name":"<i>Delta score</i>","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2110571046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2479724.2479742","mag":"2110571046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2479724.2479742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2479724.2479742","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063782337","display_name":"Sergio R. Coria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-1865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120417","display_name":"Universidad de la Sierra","ror":"https://ror.org/02kha8k84","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sergio R. Coria","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044035053","display_name":"Sandra K. Ram\u00edrez-V\u00e1squez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120417","display_name":"Universidad de la Sierra","ror":"https://ror.org/02kha8k84","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra K. Ram\u00edrez-V\u00e1squez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024785002","display_name":"Juan Luna-Trejo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120417","display_name":"Universidad de la Sierra","ror":"https://ror.org/02kha8k84","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Luna-Trejo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080060026","display_name":"Rosibelda Mondrag\u00f3n-Becerra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120417","display_name":"Universidad de la Sierra","ror":"https://ror.org/02kha8k84","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosibelda Mondrag\u00f3n-Becerra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109900539","display_name":"M\u00f3nica P\u00e9rez-Meza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120417","display_name":"Universidad de la Sierra","ror":"https://ror.org/02kha8k84","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u00f3nica P\u00e9rez-Meza","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029980655","display_name":"Oswaldo R. \u00c1vila-Barr\u00f3n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120417","display_name":"Universidad de la Sierra","ror":"https://ror.org/02kha8k84","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oswaldo \u00c1vila-Barr\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Sierra Sur, Ciudad Universitaria, D\u00edaz, Oax., M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063782337"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120417"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1927608,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"102","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11499","display_name":"ICT Impact and Policies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11499","display_name":"ICT Impact and Policies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9757999777793884,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.755253791809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5872312784194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5750688910484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.5749050378799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/census","display_name":"Census","score":0.5113286375999451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.4753192067146301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4752366840839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4473136365413666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.42391398549079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.42027613520622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3638749122619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.3437826633453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.174536794424057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17115381360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.16109520196914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15276646614074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.14725777506828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.11389130353927612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10274887084960938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.755253791809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5872312784194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5750688910484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.5749050378799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39825","display_name":"Census","level":3,"score":0.5113286375999451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4753192067146301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4752366840839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4473136365413666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42391398549079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.42027613520622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3638749122619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3437826633453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.174536794424057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17115381360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16109520196914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15276646614074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14725777506828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11389130353927612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10274887084960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2479724.2479742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2479724.2479742","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528113134","https://openalex.org/W1976554614","https://openalex.org/W1986433312","https://openalex.org/W1987352704","https://openalex.org/W2022363981","https://openalex.org/W2023510782","https://openalex.org/W2099977142","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2161424556","https://openalex.org/W2301363727","https://openalex.org/W2966207845","https://openalex.org/W3030492378"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128472366","https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W621243299","https://openalex.org/W5594354","https://openalex.org/W2381242807","https://openalex.org/W4244351752","https://openalex.org/W2601163983","https://openalex.org/W2364090708","https://openalex.org/W2145323372","https://openalex.org/W1512152715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"proposes":[2],"Delta":[3],"score":[4,102],"a":[5,18],"simplified":[6],"nominal":[7],"measurement":[8,65,83,121],"for":[9,87,135],"digital":[10,70],"divide":[11,71],"of":[12,20,27,37,59,69,93,100,112,119],"cities.":[13,38],"It":[14],"is":[15,106,145],"implemented":[16],"as":[17],"concatenation":[19],"alphabetical":[21],"scores":[22],"that":[23,62],"represent":[24],"presence":[25],"percentages":[26],"Internet,":[28],"PC,":[29],"fixed-line":[30],"telephone":[31,34],"and":[32,47,53,73,89,110,124,141],"cell":[33],"in":[35,103,129],"households":[36],"Data":[39],"from":[40],"the":[41,63,67,120],"2010":[42],"Mexican":[43],"Census":[44],"on":[45],"Population":[46],"Housing":[48],"are":[49],"used":[50,128],"to":[51,126],"create":[52],"evaluate":[54],"this":[55,82,101,113],"measurement.":[56],"A":[57],"proof":[58],"concept":[60],"shows":[61],"proposed":[64],"facilitates":[66],"creation":[68],"rankings":[72,88],"comparisons":[74,90],"among":[75,91,116],"cities":[76,92],"within":[77],"one":[78],"single":[79],"country.":[80],"Also,":[81],"suggests":[84],"being":[85],"useful":[86],"two":[94],"or":[95],"more":[96],"countries.":[97],"Potential":[98],"incorporation":[99],"inferential":[104,130],"statistics":[105],"also":[107],"suggested.":[108],"Novelty":[109],"merits":[111],"proposal":[114],"are,":[115],"others:":[117],"flexibility":[118],"discrete":[122],"representation,":[123],"possibility":[125],"be":[127],"statistics;":[131],"therefore,":[132],"its":[133],"usefulness":[134],"research":[136],"purposes,":[137],"public":[138],"policy":[139],"definition":[140],"private":[142],"company":[143],"planning":[144],"encouraging.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}