{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2125255090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2465529.2465546","title":"Stochastic modeling of large-scale solid-state storage systems","display_name":"Stochastic modeling of large-scale solid-state storage systems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2125255090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2465529.2465546","mag":"2125255090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2465529.2465546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2465529.2465546","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS/international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101970462","display_name":"Yongkun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3743-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongkun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012129385","display_name":"Patrick P. C. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4501-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick P.C. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068489266","display_name":"John C. S. Lui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-0384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John C.S. Lui","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101970462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98012958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"179","last_page":"190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7530460357666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.593998908996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.5867982506752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5821799635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.5661693811416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.5476077198982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5129541754722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4755660891532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4704515039920807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.4569355547428131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.41276082396507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3468679189682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33775794506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1557997167110443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage","display_name":"Garbage","score":0.15507850050926208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7530460357666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.593998908996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.5867982506752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5821799635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.5661693811416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.5476077198982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5129541754722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4755660891532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4704515039920807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4569355547428131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.41276082396507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3468679189682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33775794506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1557997167110443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.15507850050926208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2465529.2465546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2465529.2465546","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS/international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142764049","https://openalex.org/W652459597","https://openalex.org/W1486947867","https://openalex.org/W1487370894","https://openalex.org/W1524315965","https://openalex.org/W1526462389","https://openalex.org/W1541467180","https://openalex.org/W1571386461","https://openalex.org/W1630733292","https://openalex.org/W1631258642","https://openalex.org/W1828821595","https://openalex.org/W1858483563","https://openalex.org/W1982935918","https://openalex.org/W1995467417","https://openalex.org/W2006425633","https://openalex.org/W2007962663","https://openalex.org/W2009993946","https://openalex.org/W2011197827","https://openalex.org/W2018763861","https://openalex.org/W2024363956","https://openalex.org/W2029804570","https://openalex.org/W2035712985","https://openalex.org/W2051435086","https://openalex.org/W2079623992","https://openalex.org/W2097490816","https://openalex.org/W2097797648","https://openalex.org/W2099316199","https://openalex.org/W2099753358","https://openalex.org/W2106436364","https://openalex.org/W2112157291","https://openalex.org/W2115009671","https://openalex.org/W2116801323","https://openalex.org/W2121850360","https://openalex.org/W2129166894","https://openalex.org/W2131411713","https://openalex.org/W2137905605","https://openalex.org/W2158963043","https://openalex.org/W2165068957","https://openalex.org/W2405130583","https://openalex.org/W2917663763","https://openalex.org/W2950648877","https://openalex.org/W3033414283","https://openalex.org/W3041277256","https://openalex.org/W6605716994","https://openalex.org/W6629050675","https://openalex.org/W6684515133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051058708","https://openalex.org/W1494268238","https://openalex.org/W154868527","https://openalex.org/W1983207144","https://openalex.org/W2490706771","https://openalex.org/W2480116122","https://openalex.org/W2536863148","https://openalex.org/W4255576661","https://openalex.org/W1516574938","https://openalex.org/W2625725254"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Solid":[0],"state":[1],"drives":[2],"(SSDs)":[3],"have":[4],"seen":[5],"wide":[6],"deployment":[7],"in":[8],"mobiles,":[9],"desktops,and":[10],"data":[11,26],"centers":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,33,117,176],"their":[15],"high":[16],"I/O":[17,49,107],"performance":[18],"and":[19,35,112,129],"low":[20],"energy":[21],"consumption.":[22],"As":[23],"SSDs":[24],"write":[25],"out-of-place,":[27],"garbage":[28],"collection":[29],"(GC)":[30],"is":[31,64],"required":[32],"erase":[34],"reclaim":[36],"space":[37,71,91],"with":[38,157,166],"invalid":[39],"data.":[40],"However,":[41],"GC":[42,94],"poses":[43],"additional":[44],"writes":[45],"that":[46,85,104,149],"hinder":[47],"the":[48,69,76,87,106,114,119,126,131,153,178],"performance,":[50],"while":[51],"SSD":[52,167],"blocks":[53],"can":[54,150,173],"only":[55],"endure":[56],"a":[57,65,99,144,158],"finite":[58],"number":[59],"of":[60,72,92,109,136],"erasures.":[61],"Thus,":[62],"there":[63],"performance-durability":[66,179],"tradeoff":[67,155],"on":[68,164],"design":[70,90],"GC.":[73],"To":[74],"characterize":[75],"optimal":[77,89,154],"tradeoff,":[78],"this":[79,140],"paper":[80],"formulates":[81],"an":[82],"analytical":[83],"model":[84,103,127,132],"explores":[86],"full":[88],"any":[93],"algorithm.":[95],"We":[96,123],"first":[97],"present":[98],"stochastic":[100],"Markov":[101],"chain":[102],"captures":[105],"dynamics":[108],"large-scale":[110],"SSDs,":[111],"adapt":[113],"mean-field":[115],"approach":[116],"derive":[118],"asymptotic":[120],"steady-state":[121],"performance.":[122],"further":[124],"prove":[125],"convergence":[128],"generalize":[130],"for":[133],"all":[134],"types":[135],"workload.":[137],"Inspired":[138],"by":[139],"model,":[141],"we":[142,169],"propose":[143],"randomized":[145],"greedy":[146],"algorithm":[147],"(RGA)":[148],"operate":[151],"along":[152],"curve":[156],"tunable":[159],"parameter.":[160],"Using":[161],"trace-driven":[162],"simulation":[163],"DiskSim":[165],"add-ons,":[168],"demonstrate":[170],"how":[171],"RGA":[172],"be":[174],"parameterized":[175],"realize":[177],"tradeoff.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}