{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2062214872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2406336.2406351","title":"Formal Specification of Medical Systems by Proof-Based Refinement","display_name":"Formal Specification of Medical Systems by Proof-Based Refinement","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2062214872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2406336.2406351","mag":"2062214872"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2406336.2406351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2406336.2406351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018322893","display_name":"Domingo Mery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-3882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dominique M\u00e9ry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Henri Poincar\u00e9 Nancy 1","UNIVERSITE HENRI POINCARE - NANCY 1"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Henri Poincar\u00e9 Nancy 1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITE HENRI POINCARE - NANCY 1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022556282","display_name":"Neeraj Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-0179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeraj Kumar Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Henri Poincar\u00e9 Nancy 1","UNIVERSITE HENRI POINCARE - NANCY 1"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Henri Poincar\u00e9 Nancy 1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITE HENRI POINCARE - NANCY 1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018322893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.0275,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97380493,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8799052834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7779963612556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking","display_name":"Model checking","score":0.6140744686126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5505141615867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5457881689071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.5356646776199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.44097912311553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refinement","display_name":"Refinement","score":0.4400427043437958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.40441006422042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.33116158843040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08358299732208252}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8799052834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7779963612556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.6140744686126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5505141615867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5457881689071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.5356646776199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.44097912311553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14331664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3417382","display_name":"Refinement","level":3,"score":0.4400427043437958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.40441006422042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.33116158843040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08358299732208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2406336.2406351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2406336.2406351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inria-00637756v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00637756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS), 2013, 12 (1), pp.15. ⟨10.1145/2406336.2406351⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331528","display_name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17793708","https://openalex.org/W125598877","https://openalex.org/W593769067","https://openalex.org/W1507030869","https://openalex.org/W1548903741","https://openalex.org/W1556900989","https://openalex.org/W1565981606","https://openalex.org/W1576104096","https://openalex.org/W1590609350","https://openalex.org/W1596552075","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1717223777","https://openalex.org/W1763383448","https://openalex.org/W1887365265","https://openalex.org/W1969781503","https://openalex.org/W1976199670","https://openalex.org/W1983124907","https://openalex.org/W1985566198","https://openalex.org/W1986215647","https://openalex.org/W2012152371","https://openalex.org/W2027934807","https://openalex.org/W2036167742","https://openalex.org/W2060440626","https://openalex.org/W2089029647","https://openalex.org/W2097585674","https://openalex.org/W2099529102","https://openalex.org/W2106901380","https://openalex.org/W2107541215","https://openalex.org/W2114754412","https://openalex.org/W2117664102","https://openalex.org/W2121960799","https://openalex.org/W2125673566","https://openalex.org/W2141321742","https://openalex.org/W2163377462","https://openalex.org/W2166230870","https://openalex.org/W2198976025","https://openalex.org/W2218889307","https://openalex.org/W2264455538","https://openalex.org/W2302274954","https://openalex.org/W2340735175","https://openalex.org/W2416267182","https://openalex.org/W2418250177","https://openalex.org/W2502481511","https://openalex.org/W2506794924","https://openalex.org/W2562998114","https://openalex.org/W2624914479","https://openalex.org/W2729457268","https://openalex.org/W2749747407","https://openalex.org/W2910765532","https://openalex.org/W2913459036","https://openalex.org/W2942985756","https://openalex.org/W4234409651","https://openalex.org/W4253543873","https://openalex.org/W6639596232","https://openalex.org/W6677355907","https://openalex.org/W6767210615"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037121848","https://openalex.org/W1922520186","https://openalex.org/W2145025660","https://openalex.org/W2224250496","https://openalex.org/W1544097700","https://openalex.org/W1946493810","https://openalex.org/W2171674700","https://openalex.org/W1994222400","https://openalex.org/W1964135497","https://openalex.org/W251782534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Formal":[0],"methods":[1],"have":[2],"emerged":[3],"as":[4,24],"an":[5],"alternative":[6],"approach":[7,48],"to":[8],"ensuring":[9],"quality":[10],"and":[11,26,57],"correctness":[12],"of":[13,19,49,76,82],"highly":[14],"critical":[15],"systems,":[16],"overcoming":[17],"limitations":[18],"traditional":[20],"validation":[21,53],"techniques":[22],"such":[23],"simulation":[25],"testing.":[27],"We":[28],"propose":[29],"a":[30,55,67,83],"refinement-based":[31,46],"methodology":[32,64,78],"for":[33,65,79],"complex":[34],"medical":[35,69],"systems":[36],"design,":[37],"which":[38],"possesses":[39],"all":[40],"the":[41,74,80],"required":[42],"key":[43],"features.":[44],"A":[45],"combined":[47],"formal":[50],"verification,":[51],"model":[52],"using":[54],"model-checker":[56],"refinement":[58],"chart":[59],"is":[60],"proposed":[61],"in":[62],"this":[63,77],"designing":[66],"high-confidence":[68],"device.":[70],"Furthermore,":[71],"we":[72],"show":[73],"effectiveness":[75],"design":[81],"cardiac":[84],"pacemaker":[85],"system.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}