{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025594846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2396761.2398700","title":"Where do the query terms come from?","display_name":"Where do the query terms come from?","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025594846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2396761.2398700","mag":"2025594846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2396761.2398700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2396761.2398700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018905157","display_name":"Zhen Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-5149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019675617","display_name":"Jiepu Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8207-7452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiepu Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071179467","display_name":"Shuguang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-6960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuguang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026188630","display_name":"Daqing He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-8696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daqing He","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018905157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8422,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91966844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2595","last_page":"2598"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8325941562652588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.831516683101654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.809798002243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.804593563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7000832557678223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sargable","display_name":"Sargable","score":0.660977840423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.6374782919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6272016167640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-language","display_name":"Query language","score":0.5625722408294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.5382314920425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rdf-query-language","display_name":"RDF query language","score":0.47938182950019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4695333242416382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.462630957365036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.35229232907295227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8325941562652588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.831516683101654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.809798002243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.804593563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7000832557678223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192939062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104840822","display_name":"Sargable","level":4,"score":0.660977840423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.6374782919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6272016167640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.5625722408294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.5382314920425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96956885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6138701","display_name":"RDF query language","level":5,"score":0.47938182950019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4695333242416382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.462630957365036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.35229232907295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2396761.2398700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2396761.2398700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206102646","https://openalex.org/W1529042002","https://openalex.org/W1850359704","https://openalex.org/W1970779429","https://openalex.org/W1990476851","https://openalex.org/W1990983994","https://openalex.org/W2022555286","https://openalex.org/W2037046197","https://openalex.org/W2045275585","https://openalex.org/W2095638537","https://openalex.org/W2123564209","https://openalex.org/W6608404282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2901901036","https://openalex.org/W2124814993","https://openalex.org/W2013069866","https://openalex.org/W2017328855","https://openalex.org/W2113390685","https://openalex.org/W1981131819","https://openalex.org/W3197639690","https://openalex.org/W8514837","https://openalex.org/W2011373486","https://openalex.org/W2350026801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,27],"user":[4],"study":[5],"aiming":[6],"to":[7,46,101],"investigate":[8],"the":[9,37,103,118,124,132,144,149],"query":[10,48,65,70,86,107,121,138],"reformulation":[11],"in":[12,90],"collaborative":[13,31,58],"Web":[14,33],"search.":[15],"7":[16],"pairs":[17],"of":[18,111],"participants":[19,45,96],"were":[20],"recruited":[21],"and":[22,57,77,92],"each":[23],"pair":[24],"worked":[25],"as":[26,73],"team":[28],"on":[29,120],"two":[30],"exploratory":[32],"search":[34,56,75],"tasks.":[35],"Through":[36],"log":[38],"analysis,":[39],"we":[40],"compared":[41],"possible":[42,61],"sources":[43],"for":[44,63,69,84,105,136,148],"draw":[47],"terms":[49,108,139],"from.":[50],"The":[51,88],"results":[52],"show":[53],"that":[54,110],"both":[55],"actions":[59],"are":[60,80,131,143],"resources":[62,68,83,135,147],"new":[64,85,106,137],"terms.":[66,87],"Traditional":[67],"expansion":[71],"such":[72],"previous":[74],"histories":[76,142],"relevant":[78],"documents":[79,130],"still":[81],"important":[82,134,146],"content":[89],"chat":[91,141],"workspace":[93],"generated":[94],"by":[95],"themselves":[97],"seems":[98],"more":[99],"likely":[100],"be":[102],"resource":[104],"than":[109],"their":[112],"partners.":[113],"Task":[114],"types":[115],"also":[116],"affect":[117],"influences":[119],"reformulations.":[122],"For":[123],"academic":[125],"task,":[126],"previously":[127],"saved":[128],"relevance":[129],"most":[133,145],"while":[140],"leisure":[150],"task.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}