{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122067387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2384616.2384663","title":"AutoMan","display_name":"AutoMan","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122067387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2384616.2384663","mag":"2122067387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2384616.2384663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2384616.2384663","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032195792","display_name":"Daniel W. Barowy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel W. Barowy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053167314","display_name":"Charlie Curtsinger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlie Curtsinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053730492","display_name":"Emery D. Berger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3222-3271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emery D. Berger","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101979548","display_name":"Andrew McGregor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-160X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew McGregor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6273,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98974149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"639","last_page":"654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.8399492502212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8028335571289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.6112806797027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.5862508416175842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.5145137310028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5092026591300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5031115412712097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4567564129829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.44284144043922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4193207323551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3621182441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1159411370754242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.10383978486061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09484505653381348}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.8399492502212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8028335571289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.6112806797027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5862508416175842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5145137310028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5092026591300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5031115412712097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4567564129829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.44284144043922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4193207323551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3621182441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1159411370754242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.10383978486061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09484505653381348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2384616.2384663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2384616.2384663","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24410990","https://openalex.org/W184577147","https://openalex.org/W279631868","https://openalex.org/W639170630","https://openalex.org/W1520914943","https://openalex.org/W1577841485","https://openalex.org/W1973200191","https://openalex.org/W1985816302","https://openalex.org/W2022710553","https://openalex.org/W2058179030","https://openalex.org/W2073338313","https://openalex.org/W2085123413","https://openalex.org/W2092619407","https://openalex.org/W2098865355","https://openalex.org/W2102608210","https://openalex.org/W2118288941","https://openalex.org/W2122465391","https://openalex.org/W2124259158","https://openalex.org/W2127008633","https://openalex.org/W2138965424","https://openalex.org/W2148479118","https://openalex.org/W2150101804","https://openalex.org/W2168144930","https://openalex.org/W2170694982","https://openalex.org/W2199489563","https://openalex.org/W2494311810","https://openalex.org/W6601024530","https://openalex.org/W6630973029","https://openalex.org/W6634681107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4286908577","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2025875869","https://openalex.org/W4318823662","https://openalex.org/W3207526114"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Humans":[0],"can":[1],"perform":[2],"many":[3],"tasks":[4],"with":[5],"ease":[6],"that":[7,93],"remain":[8],"difficult":[9,49,84],"or":[10,53],"impossible":[11],"for":[12,97],"computers.":[13],"Crowdsourcing":[14],"platforms":[15],"like":[16],"Amazon's":[17],"Mechanical":[18],"Turk":[19],"make":[20],"it":[21,48,81],"possible":[22],"to":[23,50,60,76,85,126],"harness":[24],"human-based":[25,105],"computational":[26,38],"power":[27],"at":[28],"an":[29],"unprecedented":[30],"scale.":[31],"However,":[32],"their":[33,78,128],"utility":[34],"as":[35],"a":[36,98,123],"general-purpose":[37],"platform":[39],"remains":[40],"limited.":[41],"The":[42],"lack":[43],"of":[44,89,104],"complete":[45,77],"automation":[46],"makes":[47],"orchestrate":[51],"complex":[52],"interrelated":[54],"tasks.":[55,79],"Scheduling":[56],"more":[57],"human":[58,113],"workers":[59,74,121],"reduce":[61],"latency":[62],"costs":[63],"real":[64],"money,":[65],"and":[66,71,91,115,119],"jobs":[67],"must":[68],"be":[69,95],"monitored":[70],"rescheduled":[72],"when":[73],"fail":[75],"Furthermore,":[80],"is":[82],"often":[83],"predict":[86],"the":[87,102],"length":[88],"time":[90],"payment":[92],"should":[94],"budgeted":[96],"given":[99],"task.":[100],"Finally,":[101],"results":[103],"computations":[106],"are":[107],"not":[108],"necessarily":[109],"reliable,":[110],"both":[111],"because":[112,120],"skills":[114],"accuracy":[116],"vary":[117],"widely,":[118],"have":[122],"financial":[124],"incentive":[125],"minimize":[127],"effort.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}