{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148794952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382268","title":"Non-tracking web analytics","display_name":"Non-tracking web analytics","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148794952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382268","mag":"2148794952"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2382196.2382268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382268","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Computer and communications security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090968712","display_name":"\u0130stemi Ekin Akku\u015f","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121786","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02pe2kf23","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121786"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Istemi Ekin Akkus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Kaiserslautern & Saarbruecken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Kaiserslautern & Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102850044","display_name":"Ruichuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5060-8411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121786","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02pe2kf23","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121786"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruichuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Kaiserslautern & Saarbruecken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Kaiserslautern & Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023194884","display_name":"Michaela Hardt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113979032","display_name":"Twitter (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wt43v05","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michaela Hardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Twitter Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Twitter Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029526597","display_name":"Paul Francis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8781-8678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121786","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02pe2kf23","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121786"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Francis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Kaiserslautern & Saarbruecken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Kaiserslautern & Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023537206","display_name":"Johannes Gehrke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6293-5209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Gehrke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4241,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95594937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"687","last_page":"698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-analytics","display_name":"Web analytics","score":0.8898106813430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.8250671625137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7721017003059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5420568585395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4555048942565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.42900437116622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4106450378894806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.370730996131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.35816100239753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-intelligence","display_name":"Web intelligence","score":0.2587772011756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-modeling","display_name":"Web modeling","score":0.23968008160591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.0727875828742981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516187249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10719477","display_name":"Web analytics","level":5,"score":0.8898106813430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.8250671625137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7721017003059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5420568585395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4555048942565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.42900437116622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4106450378894806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.370730996131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35816100239753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544335954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2553348","display_name":"Web intelligence","level":4,"score":0.2587772011756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130436687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978591","display_name":"Web modeling","level":3,"score":0.23968008160591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0727875828742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2382196.2382268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382268","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Computer and communications security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.295.440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.295.440","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mpi-sws.org/~iakkus/papers/2012-ccs-akkus.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.357.2909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.357.2909","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.milahardt.org/pdf/2012aCCS.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escidoc.org:escidoc:2173258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0028-8A37-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052962","display_name":"Max Planck Digital Library","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210088280","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088280"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147235090","https://openalex.org/W1557833142","https://openalex.org/W1577921908","https://openalex.org/W1587826459","https://openalex.org/W1597292924","https://openalex.org/W1601001795","https://openalex.org/W1873763122","https://openalex.org/W1949459993","https://openalex.org/W2045091130","https://openalex.org/W2052747341","https://openalex.org/W2057576485","https://openalex.org/W2069169703","https://openalex.org/W2096870293","https://openalex.org/W2099474262","https://openalex.org/W2104803737","https://openalex.org/W2109426455","https://openalex.org/W2116068469","https://openalex.org/W2122049982","https://openalex.org/W2123733729","https://openalex.org/W2129293129","https://openalex.org/W2146673169","https://openalex.org/W2146707221","https://openalex.org/W2147420397","https://openalex.org/W2170540710","https://openalex.org/W2189109560","https://openalex.org/W2350778671","https://openalex.org/W2911978475","https://openalex.org/W3125518450","https://openalex.org/W3172074642","https://openalex.org/W6635924301","https://openalex.org/W6676538461","https://openalex.org/W6681435262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2252599600","https://openalex.org/W3031462818","https://openalex.org/W4385976368","https://openalex.org/W2139279342","https://openalex.org/W1633257170","https://openalex.org/W2615638395","https://openalex.org/W211701069","https://openalex.org/W2262505815","https://openalex.org/W2411471604","https://openalex.org/W2953370833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today,":[0],"websites":[1],"commonly":[2],"use":[3],"third":[4],"party":[5],"web":[6,43,90,103],"analytics":[7,44,104,118],"services":[8,45],"t":[9],"obtain":[10,39],"aggregate":[11,41],"information":[12,20],"about":[13],"users":[14,110],"that":[15,66,101],"visit":[16],"their":[17,34],"sites.":[18,36],"This":[19,54,92,132],"includes":[21],"demographics":[22],"and":[23,75,127,135,142,146],"visits":[24],"to":[25,38,130],"other":[26],"sites":[27],"as":[28,30,70,72,78],"well":[29,71],"user":[31,48,57,84],"behavior":[32,50],"within":[33],"own":[35],"Unfortunately,":[37],"this":[40],"information,":[42],"track":[46],"individual":[47],"browsing":[49],"across":[51,148],"the":[52,87,95,137],"web.":[53],"violation":[55],"of":[56,89,98],"privacy":[58,112],"has":[59],"been":[60],"strongly":[61],"criticized,":[62],"resulting":[63],"in":[64],"tools":[65],"block":[67],"such":[68,77],"tracking":[69],"anti-tracking":[73],"legislation":[74],"standards":[76],"Do-Not-Track.":[79],"These":[80],"efforts,":[81],"while":[82],"improving":[83],"privacy,":[85],"degrade":[86],"quality":[88,117],"analytics.":[91],"paper":[93,133],"presents":[94,143],"first":[96],"design":[97],"a":[99],"system":[100,108],"provides":[102],"without":[105],"tracking.":[106],"The":[107],"gives":[109,139],"differential":[111],"guarantees,":[113],"can":[114],"provide":[115],"better":[116],"than":[119],"current":[120],"services,":[121],"requires":[122],"no":[123],"new":[124],"organizational":[125],"players,":[126],"is":[128],"practical":[129],"deploy.":[131],"describes":[134],"analyzes":[136],"design,":[138],"performance":[140],"benchmarks,":[141],"our":[144],"implementation":[145],"deployment":[147],"several":[149],"hundred":[150],"users.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}