{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2094522125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382210","title":"SkypeMorph","display_name":"SkypeMorph","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2094522125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382210","mag":"2094522125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2382196.2382210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382210","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Computer and communications security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048921114","display_name":"Hooman Mohajeri Moghaddam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hooman Mohajeri Moghaddam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103113525","display_name":"Baiyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1088-9328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baiyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077211181","display_name":"Mohammad Derakhshani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Derakhshani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090953912","display_name":"Ian Goldberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-2882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Goldberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":195,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.829436719417572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6720582842826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5777447819709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.5694795250892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/censoring","display_name":"Censoring (clinical trials)","score":0.558570384979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5266499519348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.49073779582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.47465068101882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4612739086151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25167393684387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1805732548236847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.829436719417572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6720582842826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5777447819709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.5694795250892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137668524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189813","display_name":"Censoring (clinical trials)","level":2,"score":0.558570384979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5266499519348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.49073779582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.47465068101882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4612739086151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25167393684387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1805732548236847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2382196.2382210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382210","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Computer and communications security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105475431","https://openalex.org/W120790494","https://openalex.org/W122591841","https://openalex.org/W139582188","https://openalex.org/W1608222975","https://openalex.org/W1655958391","https://openalex.org/W1760182598","https://openalex.org/W1875604605","https://openalex.org/W1878907771","https://openalex.org/W1976757120","https://openalex.org/W1980708347","https://openalex.org/W2023276871","https://openalex.org/W2027048292","https://openalex.org/W2028870095","https://openalex.org/W2099129595","https://openalex.org/W2100374051","https://openalex.org/W2100644924","https://openalex.org/W2102351657","https://openalex.org/W2112139527","https://openalex.org/W2116762892","https://openalex.org/W2124890704","https://openalex.org/W2131033000","https://openalex.org/W2134533574","https://openalex.org/W2135088779","https://openalex.org/W2141582374","https://openalex.org/W2150779517","https://openalex.org/W2152240488","https://openalex.org/W2167266744","https://openalex.org/W2397223326","https://openalex.org/W2770038798","https://openalex.org/W2914982603","https://openalex.org/W4233164864","https://openalex.org/W6678404830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2884149040","https://openalex.org/W2363656491","https://openalex.org/W4376988598","https://openalex.org/W4388007941","https://openalex.org/W4388150944","https://openalex.org/W1581143638","https://openalex.org/W2031189000","https://openalex.org/W2159198570","https://openalex.org/W4386150570","https://openalex.org/W4232930125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Tor":[1,12,42,53],"network":[2],"is":[3,116],"designed":[4],"to":[5,20,51,92,117,125],"provide":[6],"users":[7],"with":[8,16],"low-latency":[9],"anonymous":[10],"communications.":[11],"clients":[13],"build":[14],"circuits":[15],"publicly":[17,30],"listed":[18],"relays":[19,28],"anonymously":[21],"reach":[22],"their":[23,79],"destinations.":[24],"However,":[25],"since":[26],"the":[27,41,45,52,61,68,72,87,93,101,122,128],"are":[29],"listed,":[31],"they":[32],"can":[33],"be":[34],"easily":[35],"blocked":[36],"by":[37,70],"censoring":[38,123],"adversaries.":[39],"Consequently,":[40],"project":[43],"envisioned":[44],"possibility":[46],"of":[47,63],"unlisted":[48],"entry":[49],"points":[50],"network,":[54],"commonly":[55],"known":[56],"as":[57,109],"bridges.":[58],"We":[59,81,103],"address":[60],"issue":[62],"preventing":[64],"censors":[65],"from":[66],"detecting":[67],"bridges":[69],"observing":[71],"communications":[73],"between":[74,127],"them":[75],"and":[76,113,132],"nodes":[77],"in":[78,85,95],"network.":[80],"propose":[82],"a":[83,96],"model":[84],"which":[86],"client":[88],"obfuscates":[89],"its":[90],"messages":[91],"bridge":[94,130],"widely":[97],"used":[98],"protocol":[99,112],"over":[100],"Internet.":[102],"investigate":[104],"using":[105,136],"Skype":[106,134],"video":[107],"calls":[108,135],"our":[110,114],"target":[111],"goal":[115],"make":[118],"it":[119],"difficult":[120],"for":[121],"adversary":[124],"distinguish":[126],"obfuscated":[129],"connections":[131],"actual":[133],"statistical":[137],"comparisons.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}