{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075460018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2365952.2365954","title":"Online controlled experiments","display_name":"Online controlled experiments","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075460018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2365952.2365954","mag":"2075460018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2365952.2365954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2365952.2365954","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the sixth ACM conference on Recommender systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037339239","display_name":"Ron Kohavi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ron Kohavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA","Microsoft Redmond, WA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Redmond, WA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037339239"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6567,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68081464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13937","display_name":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","score":0.6097000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13937","display_name":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","score":0.6097000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.8222751617431641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.678674578666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.591424822807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5663574934005737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.554323673248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.47114506363868713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.44172969460487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.43506479263305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.41731321811676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.14652058482170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11839783191680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10649949312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09067234396934509}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.8222751617431641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.678674578666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.591424822807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5663574934005737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.554323673248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.47114506363868713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.44172969460487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.43506479263305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41731321811676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.14652058482170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11839783191680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10649949312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09067234396934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2365952.2365954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2365952.2365954","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the sixth ACM conference on Recommender systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W4256492088","https://openalex.org/W632915154","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W4378874356","https://openalex.org/W2055733372","https://openalex.org/W2369811061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"web":[1],"provides":[2],"an":[3,107],"unprecedented":[4],"opportunity":[5],"to":[6,42,71],"accelerate":[7],"innovation":[8],"by":[9],"evaluating":[10],"ideas":[11],"quickly":[12],"and":[13,21,33,54,68,90,116],"accurately":[14],"using":[15],"controlled":[16,37,64,94],"experiments":[17,38,76,95,99],"(e.g.,":[18],"A/B":[19],"tests":[20],"their":[22],"generalizations).":[23],"Whether":[24],"for":[25],"front-end":[26],"user-interface":[27],"changes,":[28],"or":[29],"backend":[30],"recommendation":[31],"systems":[32],"relevance":[34],"algorithms,":[35],"online":[36,93],"are":[39],"now":[40],"utilized":[41],"make":[43],"data-driven":[44],"decisions":[45],"at":[46,55,77,96],"Amazon,":[47],"Microsoft,":[48],"eBay,":[49],"Facebook,":[50],"Google,":[51],"Yahoo,":[52],"Zynga,":[53],"many":[56,103],"other":[57],"companies.":[58],"While":[59],"the":[60,78,86,88],"theory":[61],"of":[62,92,98],"a":[63],"experiment":[65],"is":[66],"simple,":[67],"dates":[69],"back":[70],"Sir":[72],"Ronald":[73],"A.":[74],"Fisher's":[75],"Rothamsted":[79],"Agricultural":[80],"Experimental":[81],"Station":[82],"in":[83,85],"England":[84],"1920s,":[87],"deployment":[89],"mining":[91],"scale--thousands":[97],"now--has":[100],"taught":[101],"us":[102],"lessons.":[104],"We":[105],"provide":[106],"introduction,":[108],"share":[109],"real":[110],"examples,":[111],"key":[112],"learnings,":[113],"cultural":[114],"challenges,":[115],"humbling":[117],"statistics.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}