{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981855331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2361407.2361428","title":"A methodological framework for investigating age factors on the performance of biometric systems","display_name":"A methodological framework for investigating age factors on the performance of biometric systems","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981855331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2361407.2361428","mag":"1981855331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2361407.2361428","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2361407.2361428","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the on Multimedia and security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089055023","display_name":"Meryem Erbilek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6040-7222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meryem Erbilek","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NT, United Kingdom","School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NT, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108507324","display_name":"Michael Fairhurst","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Fairhurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NT, United Kingdom","School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NT, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089055023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9382,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9581077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"115","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.9034498929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-recognition","display_name":"Iris recognition","score":0.7164063453674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.7132872939109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6263525485992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5005340576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4865523874759674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-age","display_name":"Information Age","score":0.45574048161506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4546636939048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4392993450164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39890849590301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3425307273864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1425444483757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12931254506111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.08777201175689697}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.9034498929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112356035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672722","display_name":"Iris recognition","level":3,"score":0.7164063453674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.7132872939109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6263525485992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5005340576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4865523874759674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91093795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956129","display_name":"Information Age","level":2,"score":0.45574048161506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4546636939048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4392993450164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39890849590301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3425307273864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1425444483757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12931254506111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08777201175689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2361407.2361428","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2361407.2361428","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the on Multimedia and security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:35790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/35790/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book section"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94242203","https://openalex.org/W1490630688","https://openalex.org/W1511652237","https://openalex.org/W1593950622","https://openalex.org/W2025021996","https://openalex.org/W2035830871","https://openalex.org/W2072613030","https://openalex.org/W2077265636","https://openalex.org/W2078483536","https://openalex.org/W2098769372","https://openalex.org/W2104320981","https://openalex.org/W2105881518","https://openalex.org/W2106488920","https://openalex.org/W2114493736","https://openalex.org/W2117489990","https://openalex.org/W2118664399","https://openalex.org/W2119960095","https://openalex.org/W2126369935","https://openalex.org/W2127395443","https://openalex.org/W2128200964","https://openalex.org/W2147278565","https://openalex.org/W2151147242","https://openalex.org/W2171649812","https://openalex.org/W2535469622","https://openalex.org/W2606090080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018223046","https://openalex.org/W2294693339","https://openalex.org/W2811048914","https://openalex.org/W2774310452","https://openalex.org/W1971649232","https://openalex.org/W2573408845","https://openalex.org/W1982479144","https://openalex.org/W231692020","https://openalex.org/W3092387234","https://openalex.org/W1995633573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Any":[0],"individual's":[1],"biometric":[2,18,41,65],"data":[3,122],"are":[4],"likely":[5],"to":[6,58,92,119,125],"change":[7],"with":[8,37],"the":[9,29,33,45,109,126,141,154],"passage":[10],"of":[11,28,35,47,76,111,117,128,139,143],"time":[12],"and,":[13],"as":[14],"a":[15,24,51,77,85,136,144],"result,":[16],"developing":[17],"applications":[19],"for":[20],"long-term":[21],"use":[22],"is":[23,43,50,56],"challenging":[25],"task.":[26],"One":[27],"factors":[30],"which":[31,134,146],"increases":[32],"challenge":[34],"dealing":[36],"ageing":[38,62],"effects":[39,110],"in":[40,64,97],"systems":[42,66],"that":[44],"age":[46,71],"an":[48],"individual":[49],"continuous":[52],"variable,":[53],"and":[54,60,107,123,157],"it":[55,90],"impossible":[57],"investigate":[59],"understand":[61],"issues":[63],"other":[67],"than":[68],"using":[69],"discrete":[70],"\"bands\".":[72],"However,":[73],"this":[74,101],"division":[75],"given":[78],"population":[79],"into":[80],"age-bands":[81,133],"has":[82],"generally":[83],"been":[84],"rather":[86],"arbitrary":[87],"exercise,":[88],"making":[89],"difficult":[91],"optimise":[93],"or":[94],"compare":[95],"results":[96],"different":[98],"studies.":[99],"In":[100],"paper,":[102],"we":[103],"will":[104],"investigate,":[105],"document":[106],"analyse":[108],"age-band":[112],"assignment,":[113],"improving":[114],"our":[115],"understanding":[116],"how":[118],"manage":[120],"age-related":[121],"pointing":[124],"possibility":[127,138],"more":[129],"objectively":[130],"determining":[131],"optimal":[132],"offer":[135],"greater":[137],"minimizing":[140],"sensitivity":[142],"system":[145],"relies":[147],"on":[148],"such":[149],"information.":[150],"We":[151],"study":[152],"specifically":[153],"iris":[155],"(physiological)":[156],"signature":[158],"(behavioural)":[159],"modalities.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
