{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983907630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2346496.2346515","title":"Exploration of ground truth from raw GPS data","display_name":"Exploration of ground truth from raw GPS data","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983907630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2346496.2346515","mag":"1983907630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2346496.2346515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2346496.2346515","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Workshop on Urban Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012136888","display_name":"Huajian Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5609-6270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huajian Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100513359","display_name":"Wuman Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wuman Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046813626","display_name":"Haoyu Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5673-452X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyu Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021357065","display_name":"Lionel M. Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2325-6215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lionel M. Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023506057","display_name":"Nong Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-977X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012136888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64824057,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"118","last_page":"125"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/map-matching","display_name":"Map matching","score":0.881923496723175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.8640228509902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.8203210234642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7655869722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.689606785774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.6859679222106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.5855823755264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5745458602905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5475713014602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3297419548034668}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1892023","display_name":"Map matching","level":3,"score":0.881923496723175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.8640228509902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.8203210234642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7655869722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.689606785774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.6859679222106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.5855823755264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5745458602905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5475713014602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3297419548034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2346496.2346515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2346496.2346515","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Workshop on Urban Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.432.4417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.432.4417","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.uic.edu/~urbcomp2012/papers/UrbComp2012_Paper15_Mao.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-57686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-57686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-57686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-84866041563&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2479895047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6.07E+34","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514900972","https://openalex.org/W1519770485","https://openalex.org/W1544411027","https://openalex.org/W1566585832","https://openalex.org/W2052693416","https://openalex.org/W2063920058","https://openalex.org/W2065663378","https://openalex.org/W2078448683","https://openalex.org/W2088061407","https://openalex.org/W2094283130","https://openalex.org/W2097268493","https://openalex.org/W2110320970","https://openalex.org/W2135822894","https://openalex.org/W2145425490","https://openalex.org/W2149127727","https://openalex.org/W2166771065","https://openalex.org/W2169896292","https://openalex.org/W4388703402","https://openalex.org/W6633953636"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2369446480","https://openalex.org/W3162200841","https://openalex.org/W2586280620","https://openalex.org/W2805505483","https://openalex.org/W2370431274","https://openalex.org/W4381195571","https://openalex.org/W1983907630","https://openalex.org/W3010912586","https://openalex.org/W2187159411","https://openalex.org/W2045922748"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,170,195],"enable":[1],"smart":[2,45],"transportation,":[3],"a":[4,50,64,138,151,164,204],"large":[5],"volume":[6],"of":[7,103,143,163,166,173,199,222,233,241],"vehicular":[8,152],"GPS":[9,24,39,56,72,87,168,192],"trajectory":[10,153,193],"data":[11,57,82,98,126],"has":[12],"been":[13],"collected":[14,22],"in":[15,109,137,220],"the":[16,37,54,59,70,85,101,148,161,171,178,187,197,214,231,245],"metropolitan-scale":[17],"Shanghai":[18],"Grid":[19],"project.":[20],"The":[21,141,225],"raw":[23,38,55,71],"data,":[25],"however,":[26,76],"suffers":[27],"from":[28,190],"various":[29,104],"errors.":[30],"Thus,":[31],"it":[32],"is":[33,63,78,90,145,177,218],"inappropriate":[34],"to":[35,52,68,83,94,99,185,238],"use":[36],"dataset":[40],"directly":[41],"for":[42,123],"many":[43],"potential":[44],"transportation":[46],"applications.":[47],"Map":[48],"matching,":[49],"process":[51,236],"align":[53],"onto":[58],"corresponding":[60],"road":[61],"network,":[62],"commonly":[65],"used":[66],"technique":[67],"calibrate":[69],"data.":[73,88,194],"In":[74,112],"practice,":[75],"there":[77],"no":[79],"ground":[80,96,124,188],"truth":[81,97,125,189],"validate":[84],"calibrated":[86],"It":[89,128],"necessary":[91],"and":[92,134,209],"desirable":[93],"have":[95],"evaluate":[100],"effectiveness":[102],"map":[105,120,131,181,234],"matching":[106,121,132,182,235],"algorithms,":[107],"especially":[108],"complex":[110],"environments.":[111],"this":[113],"paper,":[114],"we":[115,202],"propose":[116],"truthFinder,":[117],"an":[118],"interactive":[119,180],"system":[122,183],"exploration.":[127],"incorporates":[129],"traditional":[130],"algorithms":[133],"human":[135,200],"intelligence":[136],"unified":[139],"manner.":[140],"accuracy":[142],"truthFinder":[144,176,217,229],"guaranteed":[146,215],"by":[147,158],"observation":[149],"that":[150,207,228],"can":[154],"be":[155],"correctly":[156],"identified":[157],"human-labeling":[159,247],"with":[160],"help":[162],"period":[165],"historical":[167,191],"dataset.":[169],"best":[172],"our":[174],"knowledge,":[175],"first":[179],"trying":[184],"explore":[186],"measure":[196],"cost":[198,205,232],"interactions,":[201],"design":[203],"model":[206],"classifies":[208],"quantifies":[210],"user":[211],"operations.":[212],"Having":[213],"accuracy,":[216],"evaluated":[219],"terms":[221],"operation":[223],"cost.":[224],"results":[226],"show":[227],"makes":[230],"up":[237],"two":[239],"orders":[240],"magnitude":[242],"less":[243],"than":[244],"pure":[246],"approach.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}