{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041328459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2339530.2339685","title":"Following the electrons","display_name":"Following the electrons","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041328459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2339530.2339685","mag":"2041328459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2339530.2339685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2339530.2339685","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051650485","display_name":"Gowtham Bellala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gowtham Bellala","raw_affiliation_strings":["HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110271214","display_name":"Manish Marwah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish Marwah","raw_affiliation_strings":["HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019465031","display_name":"Martin Arlitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6167-2255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Arlitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062472650","display_name":"Geoff Lyon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-8544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoff Lyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043000769","display_name":"Cullen Bash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3177-3041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cullen Bash","raw_affiliation_strings":["HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HP Labs, Palo ALto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051650485"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.473,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83669969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"994","last_page":"1002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6985425353050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.6595646739006042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hvac","display_name":"HVAC","score":0.6207729578018188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5026965141296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.48288702964782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.4793722927570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4636484384536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4594806432723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.4525144398212433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.44362491369247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37821438908576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3491995334625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3446497917175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2799105644226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1994282603263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-conditioning","display_name":"Air conditioning","score":0.18149685859680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17574545741081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09882691502571106}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6985425353050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.6595646739006042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122346748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1798773","display_name":"HVAC","level":3,"score":0.6207729578018188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5026965141296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.48288702964782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.4793722927570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4636484384536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4594806432723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4525144398212433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.44362491369247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37821438908576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3491995334625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3446497917175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2799105644226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1994282603263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103742991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173725","display_name":"Air conditioning","level":2,"score":0.18149685859680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17574545741081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09882691502571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2339530.2339685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2339530.2339685","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486950299","https://openalex.org/W1517928915","https://openalex.org/W1566959760","https://openalex.org/W1680189815","https://openalex.org/W1972440681","https://openalex.org/W1990605763","https://openalex.org/W1992101599","https://openalex.org/W2018693906","https://openalex.org/W2035313284","https://openalex.org/W2038231783","https://openalex.org/W2041782669","https://openalex.org/W2078549308","https://openalex.org/W2094502600","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2123910460","https://openalex.org/W2131824593","https://openalex.org/W2135157456","https://openalex.org/W2141403143","https://openalex.org/W2147294149","https://openalex.org/W2148134592","https://openalex.org/W2167152259","https://openalex.org/W2178225550","https://openalex.org/W2328505797","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W3003506411","https://openalex.org/W3023019763","https://openalex.org/W3118655244","https://openalex.org/W4230946174","https://openalex.org/W7014191107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2891776881","https://openalex.org/W2244559970","https://openalex.org/W2557467218","https://openalex.org/W2536297025","https://openalex.org/W2771290394","https://openalex.org/W2918080139","https://openalex.org/W3130064765","https://openalex.org/W2618582729","https://openalex.org/W4298470087","https://openalex.org/W2001068920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Commercial":[0],"buildings":[1,16],"are":[2],"significant":[3],"consumers":[4],"of":[5,48],"electricity.":[6],"The":[7,56],"first":[8],"step":[9],"towards":[10],"better":[11,83],"energy":[12],"management":[13],"in":[14,25],"commercial":[15,28],"is":[17,30],"monitoring":[18],"consumption.":[19],"However,":[20],"instrumenting":[21],"every":[22],"electrical":[23],"panel":[24],"a":[26,39,53,59,78,93,102],"large":[27],"building":[29],"expensive":[31],"and":[32,89,101],"wasteful.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"we":[37,69,91],"propose":[38,92],"greedy":[40],"meter":[41],"(sensor)":[42],"placement":[43],"algorithm":[44,57],"based":[45,76,108],"on":[46,77,109],"maximization":[47],"information":[49],"gained,":[50],"subject":[51],"to":[52,64,82,105],"cost":[54],"constraint.":[55],"provides":[58],"near-optimal":[60],"solution":[61],"guarantee.":[62],"Furthermore,":[63],"identify":[65],"power":[66],"saving":[67],"opportunities,":[68],"use":[70],"an":[71],"unsupervised":[72],"anomaly":[73],"detection":[74],"technique":[75],"low-dimensional":[79],"embedding.":[80],"Further,":[81],"manage":[84],"resources":[85],"such":[86],"as":[87],"lighting":[88],"HVAC,":[90],"semi-supervised":[94],"approach":[95],"combining":[96],"hidden":[97],"Markov":[98],"models":[99],"(HMM)":[100],"standard":[103],"classifier":[104],"model":[106],"occupancy":[107],"readily":[110],"available":[111],"port-level":[112],"network":[113],"statistics.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}