{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2070761237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330784.2330885","title":"A comparison of GE optimized neural networks and decision trees","display_name":"A comparison of GE optimized neural networks and decision trees","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2070761237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330784.2330885","mag":"2070761237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2330784.2330885","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330784.2330885","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080253813","display_name":"Kristopher Hoover","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristopher Hoover","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State University Institute for Advanced Analytics, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State University Institute for Advanced Analytics, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023605034","display_name":"Rachel Marceau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Marceau","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tyndall Harris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyndall Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077108763","display_name":"David M. Reif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-6767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Reif","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State Unversity, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State Unversity, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055785853","display_name":"Alison A. Motsinger\u2010Reif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1346-2493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alison Motsinger-Reif","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16295975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"611","last_page":"614"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.973069429397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6109869480133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6041443943977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5567039251327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5435178279876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5423823595046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.49238288402557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammatical-evolution","display_name":"Grammatical evolution","score":0.47382792830467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphism","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","score":0.4314805567264557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box","display_name":"Black box","score":0.414720356464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.20837140083312988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.15335875749588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.14832431077957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.1026570200920105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.973069429397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6109869480133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6041443943977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5567039251327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5435178279876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5423823595046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.49238288402557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10906938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5593687","display_name":"Grammatical evolution","level":3,"score":0.47382792830467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.4314805567264557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.414720356464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.20837140083312988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.15335875749588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14832431077957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1026570200920105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2330784.2330885","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330784.2330885","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310013","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157468466","https://openalex.org/W223763128","https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1503370304","https://openalex.org/W1966360257","https://openalex.org/W2001983277","https://openalex.org/W2033383209","https://openalex.org/W2102150960","https://openalex.org/W2751318774","https://openalex.org/W3013865334","https://openalex.org/W4235721129"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2797441709","https://openalex.org/W2346578521","https://openalex.org/W4293151273","https://openalex.org/W4297660007","https://openalex.org/W2886918272","https://openalex.org/W4387589990","https://openalex.org/W2943982549","https://openalex.org/W3101055019","https://openalex.org/W2910028250","https://openalex.org/W4241566321"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Grammatical":[0],"evolution":[1,52],"neural":[2],"networks":[3],"(GENN)":[4],"is":[5,45,57,87,111],"a":[6,46],"commonly":[7],"utilized":[8],"method":[9],"at":[10,117],"identifying":[11],"difficult":[12,125],"to":[13,23,93,98,103,126],"detect":[14,127],"gene-gene":[15],"and":[16,78,91],"gene-environment":[17],"interactions.":[18],"It":[19],"has":[20],"been":[21],"shown":[22],"be":[24,135],"an":[25,61],"effective":[26,74,114],"tool":[27],"in":[28,123],"the":[29,72],"prediction":[30],"of":[31,53,105],"common":[32],"diseases":[33],"using":[34,82],"single":[35],"nucleotide":[36],"polymorphisms":[37,121],"(SNPs).":[38],"However,":[39],"GENN":[40,79,116],"lacks":[41],"interpretability":[42],"because":[43],"it":[44,95,110,137],"black":[47],"box":[48],"model.":[49],"Therefore,":[50],"grammatical":[51],"decision":[54,64],"trees":[55,65],"(GEDT)":[56],"being":[58],"considered":[59],"as":[60,63,113,115],"alternative,":[62],"are":[66],"easily":[67],"interpretable":[68],"for":[69,76,138],"clinicians.":[70],"Previously,":[71],"most":[73],"parameters":[75],"GEDT":[77,86],"were":[80],"found":[81],"parameter":[83],"sweeps.":[84],"Since":[85],"much":[88],"more":[89,124],"intuitive":[90],"easy":[92],"understand,":[94],"becomes":[96],"important":[97],"compare":[99],"its":[100],"predictive":[101],"power":[102,131],"that":[104,109],"GENN.":[106],"We":[107],"show":[108],"not":[112],"detecting":[118],"disease":[119],"causing":[120],"especially":[122],"models,":[128],"but":[129],"this":[130],"trade":[132],"off":[133],"may":[134],"worth":[136],"interpretability.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}