{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074832308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330163.2330275","title":"Evolving the best known approximation to the Q function","display_name":"Evolving the best known approximation to the Q function","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074832308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330163.2330275","mag":"2074832308"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2330163.2330275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330163.2330275","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064676003","display_name":"\u0110\u00e0o Ng\u1ecdc Phong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147351","display_name":"Viet Nam Government","ror":"https://ror.org/04g9rr142","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147351"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dao Ngoc Phong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanoi City Government, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanoi City Government, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088822298","display_name":"Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0i","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64519617","display_name":"Hanoi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mxx0e62","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64519617"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen Xuan Hoai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanoi University, Hanoi, Vietnam",", Hanoi University, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanoi University, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64519617"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Hanoi University, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64519617"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert Ian McKay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Ian McKay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051053859","display_name":"Constantin Siriteanu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constantin Siriteanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072769304","display_name":"Nguyen Quang Uy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122257","display_name":"Vietnam Military Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02h28kk33","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122257"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen Quang Uy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Technical Academy, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Technical Academy, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072397278","display_name":"Namyong Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-2361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Namyong Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7805,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.700481,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"807","last_page":"814"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.6226029396057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.6208728551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.6124483942985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5343436598777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46622776985168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-search","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","score":0.46206459403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.457235187292099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.42040902376174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.41799262166023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4102059006690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3580334186553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.333766371011734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.2436489462852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21931251883506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13435044884681702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.13073408603668213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.6226029396057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6208728551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.6124483942985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5343436598777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46622776985168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.46206459403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.457235187292099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42040902376174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.41799262166023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4102059006690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3580334186553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.333766371011734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2436489462852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21931251883506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13435044884681702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.13073408603668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2330163.2330275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2330163.2330275","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.660.2878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.660.2878","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.genetic-programming.org/hc2012/Phong-Paper.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W598996319","https://openalex.org/W1479758177","https://openalex.org/W1483736078","https://openalex.org/W1488666798","https://openalex.org/W1498981737","https://openalex.org/W1527428406","https://openalex.org/W1558711716","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1688906656","https://openalex.org/W1975745059","https://openalex.org/W2019029889","https://openalex.org/W2037343293","https://openalex.org/W2042878302","https://openalex.org/W2063551896","https://openalex.org/W2093769902","https://openalex.org/W2101015150","https://openalex.org/W2106208871","https://openalex.org/W2108039253","https://openalex.org/W2109191808","https://openalex.org/W2130630493","https://openalex.org/W2145136524","https://openalex.org/W2158113591","https://openalex.org/W2976791766","https://openalex.org/W4242413982","https://openalex.org/W4300457803"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2968285896","https://openalex.org/W206299888","https://openalex.org/W2102997898","https://openalex.org/W2549153708","https://openalex.org/W2140816515","https://openalex.org/W2381504162","https://openalex.org/W4285805598","https://openalex.org/W4318240128","https://openalex.org/W2381116869","https://openalex.org/W1983569565"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Gaussian":[1,11],"Q-function":[2,63],"is":[3,16,31],"the":[4,7,10,62,65,82],"integral":[5],"of":[6,9,22,36,61,85],"tail":[8],"distribution;":[12],"as":[13],"such,":[14],"it":[15],"important":[17],"across":[18],"a":[19,34,43],"vast":[20],"range":[21],"fields":[23],"requiring":[24],"stochastic":[25],"analysis.":[26],"No":[27],"elementary":[28],"closed":[29],"form":[30,66],"possible,":[32],"so":[33],"number":[35],"approximations":[37,60,75],"have":[38],"been":[39],"proposed.":[40],"We":[41,71],"use":[42],"Genetic":[44],"Programming":[45],"(GP)":[46],"system,":[47],"Tree":[48],"Adjoining":[49],"Grammar":[50],"Guided":[51],"GP":[52],"(TAG3P)":[53],"with":[54],"local":[55,86],"search":[56,87],"operators":[57],"to":[58],"evolve":[59],"in":[64,88],"given":[67],"by":[68],"Benitez":[69],"[1].":[70],"found":[72],"more":[73],"accurate":[74],"than":[76],"any":[77],"previously":[78],"published.":[79],"This":[80],"confirms":[81],"practical":[83],"importance":[84],"TAG3P.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}