{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2172093107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307636.2307653","title":"FM-based indoor localization","display_name":"FM-based indoor localization","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2172093107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307636.2307653","mag":"2172093107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2307636.2307653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307636.2307653","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430560","display_name":"Yin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-5065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076653951","display_name":"Dimitrios Lymberopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9445-9490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Lymberopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682444","display_name":"Jie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8204-424X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112697656","display_name":"Bodhi Priyantha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bodhi Priyantha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":49.4773,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":301,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99974184,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"169","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.875235378742218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7318345308303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.6971820592880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6871805787086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.5228143930435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.4460080862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.4443848729133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.402546226978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3847121298313141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22209852933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2023286521434784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1788124144077301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1449807584285736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06404060125350952}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.875235378742218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7318345308303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.6971820592880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6871805787086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.5228143930435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4460080862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4443848729133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.402546226978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3847121298313141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22209852933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2023286521434784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1788124144077301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1449807584285736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06404060125350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2307636.2307653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307636.2307653","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502051944","https://openalex.org/W2036946260","https://openalex.org/W2041740728","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2094204865","https://openalex.org/W2099136733","https://openalex.org/W2106208513","https://openalex.org/W2111986491","https://openalex.org/W2112737587","https://openalex.org/W2116068514","https://openalex.org/W2118936352","https://openalex.org/W2130967424","https://openalex.org/W2132110947","https://openalex.org/W2134299087","https://openalex.org/W2138788761","https://openalex.org/W2142136129","https://openalex.org/W2142908542","https://openalex.org/W2163993204","https://openalex.org/W2168207139","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2170999711","https://openalex.org/W2183249040","https://openalex.org/W2999214452","https://openalex.org/W4302375902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376969857","https://openalex.org/W207732638","https://openalex.org/W2801592279","https://openalex.org/W4252788403","https://openalex.org/W2171869298","https://openalex.org/W2034040913","https://openalex.org/W2257001073","https://openalex.org/W1992602584","https://openalex.org/W2549306799","https://openalex.org/W2107810879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"major":[1],"challenge":[2],"for":[3,58,213],"accurate":[4],"fingerprint-based":[5],"indoor":[6,60,81,128],"localization":[7,129,167,184,204],"is":[8,224],"the":[9,42,64,114,136,152,161,183,203],"design":[10],"of":[11,63,186],"robust":[12,59],"and":[13,31,38,76,83,164,194],"discriminative":[14],"wireless":[15,162,201,214],"signatures.":[16],"Even":[17],"though":[18],"WiFi":[19,97,140,195,221],"RSSI":[20,120,222],"signatures":[21],"are":[22,32,69,190,197],"widely":[23],"available":[24],"indoors,":[25],"they":[26,78,89],"vary":[27,90],"significantly":[28],"over":[29,92],"time":[30,93],"susceptible":[33,71],"to":[34,41,52,72,85,96,125,135,145,159,199,219],"human":[35,73],"presence,":[36,74],"multipath,":[37],"fading":[39],"due":[40],"high":[43],"operating":[44],"frequency.":[45],"To":[46],"overcome":[47],"these":[48],"limitations,":[49],"we":[50,102,143,179],"propose":[51,144],"use":[53,146],"FM":[54,67,117,187,193],"broadcast":[55],"radio":[56,118],"signals":[57,68,189,196],"fingerprinting.":[61],"Because":[62],"lower":[65],"frequency,":[66],"less":[70,91],"multipath":[75,157],"fading,":[77],"exhibit":[79],"exceptional":[80],"penetration,":[82],"according":[84],"our":[86],"experimental":[87,107],"study":[88,108],"when":[94,220],"compared":[95,218],"signals.":[98,141],"In":[99],"this":[100],"work,":[101],"demonstrate":[103,181],"through":[104],"a":[105,227],"detailed":[106],"in":[109],"3":[110],"different":[111],"buildings":[112],"across":[113],"US,":[115],"that":[116,166,182],"signal":[119,148,215],"values":[121],"can":[122,169],"be":[123,170],"used":[124,225],"achieve":[126],"room-level":[127],"with":[130],"similar":[131],"or":[132],"better":[133],"accuracy":[134,168,205],"one":[137],"achieved":[138],"by":[139,173],"Furthermore,":[142],"additional":[147],"quality":[149],"indicators":[150],"at":[151],"physical":[153],"layer":[154],"(i.e.,":[155],"SNR,":[156],"etc.)":[158],"augment":[160],"signature,":[163],"show":[165],"further":[171],"improved":[172],"more":[174],"than":[175],"5%.":[176],"More":[177],"importantly,":[178],"experimentally":[180],"errors":[185],"andWiFi":[188],"independent.":[191],"When":[192],"combined":[198],"generate":[200],"fingerprints,":[202],"increases":[206],"as":[207,209,226],"much":[208],"83%":[210],"(when":[211],"accounting":[212],"temporal":[216],"variations)":[217],"only":[223],"signature.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}