{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2030386502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307096.2307130","title":"From tools to communities","display_name":"From tools to communities","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2030386502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307096.2307130","mag":"2030386502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2307096.2307130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307096.2307130","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036319711","display_name":"Ricarose Roque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3100-2466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142372","display_name":"Human Media","ror":"https://ror.org/04072nk43","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ricarose Roque","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079680969","display_name":"Yasmin B. Kafai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-0491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasmin Kafai","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080237399","display_name":"Deborah A. Fields","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-9512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah Fields","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036319711"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142372"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9985,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95543059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"220","last_page":"223"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.7317429780960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.7032997608184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6831856966018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scratch","display_name":"Scratch","score":0.6754031777381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6369337439537048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-community","display_name":"Online community","score":0.5193825364112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4458525478839874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.4335825741291046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3809807002544403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.37665000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.27021461725234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16175693273544312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.7317429780960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.7032997608184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6831856966018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275131","display_name":"Scratch","level":2,"score":0.6754031777381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6369337439537048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778165684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6576792","display_name":"Online community","level":2,"score":0.5193825364112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4458525478839874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.4335825741291046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3809807002544403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.37665000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27021461725234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16175693273544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2307096.2307130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307096.2307130","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.usu.edu:itls_facpub-1197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/itls_facpub/197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196327","display_name":"Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121980950","host_organization_name":"Utah State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121980950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2504125480","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF-CDI-1027736","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142345412","https://openalex.org/W170516943","https://openalex.org/W1815090327","https://openalex.org/W2012761058","https://openalex.org/W2073088099","https://openalex.org/W2084944215","https://openalex.org/W2119619184","https://openalex.org/W2147927536","https://openalex.org/W2151987636","https://openalex.org/W2165344899","https://openalex.org/W2167258788","https://openalex.org/W2515846647","https://openalex.org/W2795728764","https://openalex.org/W2977708908","https://openalex.org/W4247545751","https://openalex.org/W7044180895"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2025875869","https://openalex.org/W4318823662","https://openalex.org/W3207526114","https://openalex.org/W4286908577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,70],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,58,73],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,24,43,65,77,84,91],"support":[6,121],"of":[7,42,81,93,104],"online":[8,21,105,118],"creative":[9],"collaborations":[10],"among":[11],"young":[12,122],"programmers":[13],"in":[14,31,35,39,79,95,124],"Scratch.":[15],"We":[16,107],"designed":[17],"and":[18,27,34,63,90,127],"implemented":[19,30],"two":[20],"collaboration":[22,82],"events,":[23],"Collab":[25,28,68],"Challenge":[26],"Camp,":[29],"January":[32],"2011":[33],"August":[36],"2011,":[37],"respectively,":[38],"which":[40],"members":[41,94],"Scratch":[44],"community":[45],"were":[46],"invited":[47],"to":[48],"work":[49],"together":[50],"on":[51,75],"programming":[52],"projects.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"explores":[56],"what":[57],"learned":[59],"from":[60],"iteratively":[61],"designing":[62],"implementing":[64],"second":[66],"event":[67],"Camp.":[69],"our":[71],"analyses,":[72],"reflect":[74],"how":[76,109],"changes":[78],"context":[80],"(context),":[83],"opportunities":[85],"for":[86,117],"finding":[87],"collaborators":[88],"(connection),":[89],"engagement":[92],"constructive":[96],"feedback":[97],"(critique)":[98],"emerged":[99],"as":[100,114],"critical":[101],"spaces":[102,111],"supportive":[103],"collaboration.":[106],"discuss":[108],"these":[110],"can":[112],"serve":[113],"guiding":[115],"principles":[116],"communities":[119],"that":[120],"designers":[123],"creating":[125],"expressive":[126],"personally":[128],"meaningful":[129],"projects":[130],"together.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}