{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010936531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2304576.2304623","title":"SnuCL","display_name":"SnuCL","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010936531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2304576.2304623","mag":"2010936531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2304576.2304623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2304576.2304623","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM international conference on Supercomputing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100728095","display_name":"Jungwon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-6225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jungwon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114677150","display_name":"Sangmin Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-9836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangmin Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442897","display_name":"Jun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0992-8473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018976821","display_name":"Jeongho Nah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeongho Nah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103690204","display_name":"Gangwon Jo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gangwon Jo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100767182","display_name":"Jaejin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-8170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaejin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100728095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.1854,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":180,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99799325,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"341","last_page":"352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infiniband","display_name":"InfiniBand","score":0.9163473844528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9041223526000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit-ethernet","display_name":"Gigabit Ethernet","score":0.6805533766746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host","display_name":"Host (biology)","score":0.6562892198562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6268646121025085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5729460716247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gpu-cluster","display_name":"GPU cluster","score":0.5335317850112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5121016502380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.4762575626373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.4392998218536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-direct-memory-access","display_name":"Remote direct memory access","score":0.4345020651817322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.39611929655075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.3471241891384125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781030343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922437","display_name":"InfiniBand","level":2,"score":0.9163473844528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9041223526000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776379158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069084","display_name":"Gigabit Ethernet","level":3,"score":0.6805533766746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6562892198562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6268646121025085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5729460716247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781335571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2633544","display_name":"GPU cluster","level":3,"score":0.5335317850112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5121016502380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.4762575626373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.4392998218536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130795937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2561570","display_name":"Remote direct memory access","level":2,"score":0.4345020651817322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.39611929655075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.3471241891384125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2304576.2304623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2304576.2304623","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM international conference on Supercomputing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321292","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1449833061","https://openalex.org/W1762731526","https://openalex.org/W2005574683","https://openalex.org/W2016357834","https://openalex.org/W2028914809","https://openalex.org/W2031781358","https://openalex.org/W2039765803","https://openalex.org/W2110954112","https://openalex.org/W2131135493","https://openalex.org/W2138180780","https://openalex.org/W2153185479","https://openalex.org/W2153801723","https://openalex.org/W2159481344","https://openalex.org/W2167101788","https://openalex.org/W2169875292","https://openalex.org/W2398736067","https://openalex.org/W6660493486"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978254186","https://openalex.org/W4245217724","https://openalex.org/W4390917331","https://openalex.org/W2021062532","https://openalex.org/W2148030923","https://openalex.org/W2390516535","https://openalex.org/W2049347805","https://openalex.org/W2917381094","https://openalex.org/W1901618855","https://openalex.org/W2778540992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"SnuCL,":[5,168],"an":[6,57,87,99,169],"OpenCL":[7,18,88,100,161,170,201],"framework":[8,30],"for":[9,113],"heterogeneous":[10,24,114,177],"CPU/GPU":[11,115],"clusters.":[12],"We":[13,192],"show":[14],"that":[15],"the":[16,23,29,95,118,122,137,145,151,189],"original":[17],"semantics":[19],"naturally":[20],"fits":[21],"to":[22,117,124,160,162],"cluster":[25,40,190],"programming":[26],"environment,":[27],"and":[28,34,49,64,75,195],"achieves":[31],"high":[32],"performance":[33,198],"ease":[35],"of":[36,43,80],"programming.":[37],"The":[38,91],"target":[39],"architecture":[41],"consists":[42],"a":[44,104,108,129,180],"designated,":[45],"single":[46,109,181],"host":[47,92,96,138],"node":[48,69,93,131],"many":[50],"compute":[51,68,89,126,130,186],"nodes.":[52],"They":[53],"are":[54],"connected":[55],"by":[56],"interconnection":[58],"network,":[59],"such":[60,143],"as":[61,132,144],"Gigabit":[62],"Ethernet":[63],"InfiniBand":[65],"switches.":[66],"Each":[67],"is":[70,148],"equipped":[71],"with":[72],"multicore":[73],"CPUs":[74],"multiple":[76],"GPUs.":[77],"A":[78],"set":[79],"CPU":[81],"cores":[82],"or":[83],"each":[84],"GPU":[85],"becomes":[86,172],"device.":[90],"executes":[94],"program":[97],"in":[98,128,136,150,179,188],"application.":[101],"SnuCL":[102,154,194],"provides":[103,156],"system":[105,111],"image":[106],"running":[107],"operating":[110],"instance":[112],"clusters":[116],"user.":[119],"It":[120],"allows":[121],"application":[123,152,171],"utilize":[125],"devices":[127,178,187],"if":[133],"they":[134],"were":[135],"node.":[139],"No":[140],"communication":[141,158],"API,":[142],"MPI":[146],"library,":[147],"required":[149],"source.":[153],"also":[155,184],"collective":[157],"extensions":[159],"facilitate":[163],"manipulating":[164],"memory":[165],"objects.":[166],"With":[167],"portable":[173],"not":[174],"only":[175],"between":[176,185],"node,":[182],"but":[183],"environment.":[191],"implement":[193],"evaluate":[196],"its":[197],"using":[199],"eleven":[200],"benchmark":[202],"applications.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}