{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051004951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2254736.2254744","title":"MALEX","display_name":"MALEX","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051004951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2254736.2254744","mag":"2051004951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2254736.2254744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2254736.2254744","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Keyword Search on Structured Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082336235","display_name":"Yong Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-0434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080660416","display_name":"Zhifeng Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-381X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifeng Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037961481","display_name":"Tok Wang Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-0565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tok Wang Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072031371","display_name":"Luochen Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luochen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082336235"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4897,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66643096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"32","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8680404424667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7565358877182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-search","display_name":"Keyword search","score":0.636255145072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.5842792987823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.5267317295074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5000309944152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-density","display_name":"Keyword density","score":0.49595770239830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.47001245617866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.44507747888565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.41845273971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.40696969628334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07246017456054688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8680404424667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7565358877182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988412617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441656","display_name":"Keyword search","level":2,"score":0.636255145072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.5842792987823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.5267317295074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5000309944152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57560718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125627","display_name":"Keyword density","level":3,"score":0.49595770239830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.47001245617866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.44507747888565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.41845273971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.40696969628334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07246017456054688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2254736.2254744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2254736.2254744","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Keyword Search on Structured Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:92186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ecite.utas.edu.au/92186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401569","display_name":"eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I129801699","host_organization_name":"University of Tasmania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129801699"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Refereed Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/41800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/41800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.61RMIT_INST:11247724120001341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1145/2254736.2254744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402074","display_name":"RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","host_organization_name":"RMIT University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7721376710","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R252-000-394-112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973828215","https://openalex.org/W1981733737","https://openalex.org/W1981991807","https://openalex.org/W1988262211","https://openalex.org/W2007766950","https://openalex.org/W2035814200","https://openalex.org/W2073537868","https://openalex.org/W2076454692","https://openalex.org/W2088499566","https://openalex.org/W2099015201","https://openalex.org/W2102618089","https://openalex.org/W2105819430","https://openalex.org/W2107628743","https://openalex.org/W2115221525","https://openalex.org/W2118269922","https://openalex.org/W2126391456","https://openalex.org/W2128034913","https://openalex.org/W2128475980","https://openalex.org/W2148126307","https://openalex.org/W2151135734"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2466354565","https://openalex.org/W2533706070","https://openalex.org/W2105258824","https://openalex.org/W1978230837","https://openalex.org/W2186487484","https://openalex.org/W2406286368","https://openalex.org/W2045873991","https://openalex.org/W2151491383","https://openalex.org/W2265922065","https://openalex.org/W1967461005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Keyword":[0],"search":[1,22,78,143,150],"on":[2],"XML":[3,141,164],"data":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"a":[7,60,81,128,136,158],"hot":[8],"research":[9],"issue":[10],"recently.":[11],"Towards":[12],"the":[13,28,41,49,55,65,94,110,118,124,140,163],"ultimate":[14],"goal":[15],"of":[16,37,43,58,62,80,139],"retrieving":[17],"results":[18,39,112],"that":[19,54],"match":[20],"user's":[21],"intention,":[23],"existing":[24],"methods":[25],"keep":[26],"improving":[27],"matching":[29],"semantics":[30],"and":[31,101,113],"result":[32],"retrieval":[33],"methods.":[34],"A":[35],"list":[36,61],"query":[38,83,95,111],"in":[40,145],"form":[42],"subtrees":[44,63],"will":[45],"be":[46,85,106,115],"returned":[47],"to":[48,64,71,117,133,147,161],"users.":[50],"However,":[51],"we":[52,126],"find":[53],"traditional":[56],"way":[57,160],"returning":[59],"users":[66,89,119],"is":[67],"still":[68],"not":[69],"sufficient":[70],"meet":[72],"users'":[73,149],"information":[74],"needs":[75],"because:":[76],"(1)":[77],"intention":[79],"keyword":[82,142],"can":[84,153],"different":[86,88],"with":[87],"issuing":[90],"it;":[91],"(2)":[92],"amongst":[93],"results,":[96],"they":[97],"may":[98],"have":[99],"sibling":[100],"containment":[102],"relationships,":[103],"which":[104],"could":[105],"important":[107],"for":[108],"digesting":[109],"should":[114],"displayed":[116],"as":[120,135,157],"well.":[121],"To":[122],"address":[123],"problem,":[125],"propose":[127],"new":[129,159],"exploration":[130],"model":[131],"MALEX":[132],"work":[134,155],"complementary":[137],"component":[138],"engine,":[144],"order":[146],"enhance":[148],"experience.":[151],"It":[152],"even":[154],"independently":[156],"explore":[162],"database.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}