{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138524027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229085","title":"Peer prediction without a common prior","display_name":"Peer prediction without a common prior","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138524027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229085","mag":"2138524027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2229012.2229085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11879944","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086535574","display_name":"Jens Witkowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-9099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Witkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086173064","display_name":"David C. Parkes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-3464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Parkes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7956,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":118,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98288509,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"964","last_page":"981"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.8843779563903809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation","display_name":"Reputation","score":0.7664288282394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7106072902679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.638214111328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.5375063419342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.49427247047424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4840209186077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4704686105251312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.46941718459129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.40844541788101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40348172187805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3502696752548218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2564486265182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1701754927635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1568554937839508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.12576717138290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.10416549444198608}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.8843779563903809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.7664288282394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7106072902679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.638214111328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5375063419342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.49427247047424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4840209186077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4704686105251312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.46941718459129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.40844541788101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40348172187805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3502696752548218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2564486265182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1701754927635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1568554937839508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.12576717138290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10416549444198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2229012.2229085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1025.4990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1025.4990","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/11879944/Parkes_PeerPrediction.pdf?sequence%3D1","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.406.3874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.406.3874","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/~ki/papers/witkowski-parkes-ec2012.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.642.5155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.642.5155","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/econcs/pubs/witkowski_ec12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/11879944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11879944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/11879944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11879944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7933652722","display_name":"HCC: Small: Incentive-Compatible Machine Learning","funder_award_id":"0915016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57863747","https://openalex.org/W105107310","https://openalex.org/W1496221018","https://openalex.org/W1999617766","https://openalex.org/W2025720061","https://openalex.org/W2031541392","https://openalex.org/W2042863768","https://openalex.org/W2043087553","https://openalex.org/W2063782051","https://openalex.org/W2064144504","https://openalex.org/W2109304399","https://openalex.org/W2119929915","https://openalex.org/W2134305421","https://openalex.org/W2153209865","https://openalex.org/W2241862190","https://openalex.org/W2591957553","https://openalex.org/W2962689764","https://openalex.org/W3029133705","https://openalex.org/W3106358908","https://openalex.org/W3121522380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4286908577","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2025875869","https://openalex.org/W4318823662","https://openalex.org/W2366585198"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reputation":[0],"mechanisms":[1],"at":[2],"online":[3],"opinion":[4],"forums,":[5],"such":[6,22],"as":[7,23,34,173,175],"Amazon":[8,27],"Reviews,":[9],"elicit":[10,30,154],"ratings":[11],"from":[12,32,55,189],"users":[13,33,56],"about":[14,126],"their":[15],"experience":[16],"with":[17,200],"different":[18],"products.":[19],"Crowdsourcing":[20],"applications,":[21],"image":[24],"tagging":[25],"on":[26,93,182,195],"Mechanical":[28],"Turk,":[29],"votes":[31],"to":[35,85,153],"whether":[36],"or":[37],"not":[38],"a":[39,71,82,97,112,136,140,157,162,202,210,215],"job":[40],"was":[41],"duly":[42],"completed.":[43],"An":[44],"important":[45],"property":[46],"in":[47,151,204],"both":[48,101],"settings":[49,117],"is":[50,58,70,88,186,209],"that":[51,89],"the":[52,76,94,102,105,119,127,130,133,176,206],"feedback":[53],"received":[54],"(agents)":[57],"truthful.":[59],"The":[60],"peer":[61,113,145],"prediction":[62,114,146],"method":[63],"introduced":[64],"by":[65,201],"Miller":[66],"et":[67],"al.":[68],"[2005]":[69],"prominent":[72],"theoretical":[73],"mechanism":[74,115,147],"for":[75,116,170],"truthful":[77,171],"elicitation":[78],"of":[79,96,129,135],"reports.":[80],"However,":[81],"significant":[83],"obstacle":[84],"its":[86],"application":[87],"it":[90,166],"critically":[91],"depends":[92],"assumption":[95],"common":[98],"prior":[99],"amongst":[100],"agents":[103,120],"and":[104,123,132,160,165],"mechanism.":[106],"In":[107],"this":[108,192],"paper,":[109],"we":[110],"develop":[111],"where":[118],"hold":[121],"subjective":[122],"private":[124],"beliefs":[125,196],"state":[128],"world":[131],"likelihood":[134],"positive":[137],"signal":[138,163,180,216],"given":[139],"particular":[141],"state.":[142],"Our":[143],"shadow":[144],"exploits":[148],"temporal":[149],"structure":[150],"order":[152],"two":[155],"reports,":[156],"belief":[158,185,211],"report":[159,208,212],"then":[161],"report,":[164],"provides":[167],"strict":[168],"incentives":[169],"reporting":[172],"long":[174],"effect":[177],"an":[178],"agent's":[179],"has":[181],"her":[183],"posterior":[184],"bounded":[187],"away":[188],"zero.":[190],"Alternatively,":[191],"technical":[193],"requirement":[194],"can":[197],"be":[198],"dispensed":[199],"modification":[203],"which":[205],"second":[207],"rather":[213],"than":[214],"report.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
