{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029716549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229046","title":"Simpler sybil-proof mechanisms for multi-level marketing","display_name":"Simpler sybil-proof mechanisms for multi-level marketing","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029716549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229046","mag":"2029716549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2229012.2229046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229046","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077121011","display_name":"Fabio A. Drucker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio A. Drucker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA","Dartmouth College, Hanover NH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College, Hanover NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045233402","display_name":"Lisa Fleischer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa K. Fleischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA","Dartmouth College, Hanover NH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College, Hanover NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3242,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95084187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"441","last_page":"458"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14373","display_name":"Securities Regulation and Market Practices","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/referral","display_name":"Referral","score":0.7018229961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.5857950448989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.5727519392967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5348438620567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.528348982334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5271855592727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.14950385689735413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.1369725465774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.13081094622612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.11076593399047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06301349401473999}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.7018229961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5857950448989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5727519392967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5348438620567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.528348982334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5271855592727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14950385689735413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.1369725465774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13081094622612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11076593399047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06301349401473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2229012.2229046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2229012.2229046","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578902217","https://openalex.org/W1897619428","https://openalex.org/W1994473607","https://openalex.org/W2018844357","https://openalex.org/W2041157860","https://openalex.org/W2056609785","https://openalex.org/W2061820396","https://openalex.org/W2066462806","https://openalex.org/W2110373679","https://openalex.org/W2111562542","https://openalex.org/W2115890216","https://openalex.org/W2141403143","https://openalex.org/W2144680643","https://openalex.org/W2146045337","https://openalex.org/W2156305079","https://openalex.org/W2912211078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2590224211","https://openalex.org/W2371771839","https://openalex.org/W2380083969","https://openalex.org/W1414602831","https://openalex.org/W2368434131","https://openalex.org/W2619488769","https://openalex.org/W2376026083","https://openalex.org/W3141213731","https://openalex.org/W2775171296","https://openalex.org/W2038299887"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-level":[0],"marketing":[1,5],"refers":[2],"to":[3,12,36,44,48,51,65,80,92],"a":[4,27,61],"approach":[6],"in":[7,17,90],"which":[8],"buyers":[9],"are":[10],"encouraged":[11],"take":[13],"an":[14],"active":[15],"role":[16],"promoting":[18],"the":[19,34,66,76],"product.":[20],"This":[21],"is":[22],"done":[23],"by":[24],"offering":[25],"them":[26],"reward":[28,57],"for":[29],"each":[30],"successful":[31],"referral":[32,63],"of":[33],"product":[35],"other":[37,69],"prospective":[38],"buyers.":[39],"To":[40],"encourage":[41],"potential":[42],"customers":[43],"buy":[45],"early":[46],"and":[47],"give":[49],"referrals":[50,59],"influential":[52],"people,":[53],"these":[54],"mechanisms":[55],"also":[56],"indirect":[58],"---":[60,83],"direct":[62,70],"linked":[64],"buyer":[67],"through":[68],"referrals.":[71],"Doing":[72],"so":[73],"can":[74],"make":[75],"referral/reward":[77],"system":[78],"vulnerable":[79],"sybil":[81],"attacks":[82],"where":[84],"profit":[85],"maximizers":[86],"create":[87],"several":[88],"replicas":[89],"order":[91],"maximize":[93],"their":[94],"rewards.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}