{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001320471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2228360.2228445","title":"Making non-volatile nanomagnet logic non-volatile","display_name":"Making non-volatile nanomagnet logic non-volatile","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001320471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2228360.2228445","mag":"2001320471"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2228360.2228445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2228360.2228445","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032430444","display_name":"Aaron Dingler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Dingler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame","University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113569512","display_name":"Steve Kurtz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Kurtz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame","University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003032564","display_name":"Michael Niemier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-4306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Niemier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame","University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600905","display_name":"Xiaobo Sharon Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-9738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobo Sharon Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame","University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003599203","display_name":"Gy\u00f6rgy Csaba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7592-0256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gyorgy Csaba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013446507","display_name":"Joseph Nahas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Nahas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame","University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame Departments of Computer Science and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060524108","display_name":"Wolfgang Porod","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-6540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Porod","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040559991","display_name":"Gary H. Bernstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7555-2956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Bernstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432640","display_name":"Peng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-0199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108416766","display_name":"Vjiay Karthik Sankar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vjiay Karthik Sankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032430444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78746993,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"476","last_page":"485"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanomagnet","display_name":"Nanomagnet","score":0.8548277020454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6886481642723083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.6111120581626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5840872526168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-synthesis","display_name":"Logic synthesis","score":0.5246408581733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinational-logic","display_name":"Combinational logic","score":0.4683836102485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.4517844617366791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4446641504764557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-volatile-memory","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","score":0.4279515743255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.36630457639694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33620673418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.32301586866378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2972997725009918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26190757751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.13166657090187073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08242255449295044}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870157","display_name":"Nanomagnet","level":4,"score":0.8548277020454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6886481642723083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.6111120581626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5840872526168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.5246408581733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81409106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76505","display_name":"Combinational logic","level":3,"score":0.4683836102485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.4517844617366791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4446641504764557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177950962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10997658","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","level":2,"score":0.4279515743255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.36630457639694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33620673418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.32301586866378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2972997725009918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26190757751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.13166657090187073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08242255449295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2228360.2228445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2228360.2228445","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555624222","https://openalex.org/W1983449030","https://openalex.org/W1989771763","https://openalex.org/W2019021205","https://openalex.org/W2023730156","https://openalex.org/W2032119252","https://openalex.org/W2032553806","https://openalex.org/W2037906217","https://openalex.org/W2040775856","https://openalex.org/W2045268335","https://openalex.org/W2050870805","https://openalex.org/W2114700080","https://openalex.org/W2144850369","https://openalex.org/W2146911086","https://openalex.org/W2165576546","https://openalex.org/W2168424230","https://openalex.org/W2169757251","https://openalex.org/W2171372895","https://openalex.org/W2759500842","https://openalex.org/W3098932247","https://openalex.org/W3106160165","https://openalex.org/W3149204854","https://openalex.org/W6836342345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128941340","https://openalex.org/W2170998169","https://openalex.org/W2072840391","https://openalex.org/W818963952","https://openalex.org/W2039140951","https://openalex.org/W2157277696","https://openalex.org/W2018106661","https://openalex.org/W2074526596","https://openalex.org/W1939541994","https://openalex.org/W4242010157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field-coupled":[0],"nanomagnets":[1],"can":[2,57],"offer":[3],"significant":[4],"energy":[5],"savings":[6],"at":[7],"iso-performance":[8],"versus":[9],"CMOS":[10,23],"equivalents.":[11],"Magnetic":[12],"logic":[13,60],"could":[14,80,91],"be":[15],"integrated":[16],"with":[17],"CMOS,":[18],"operate":[19],"in":[20,51],"environments":[21],"that":[22,48,90],"cannot,":[24],"and":[25,37,75,95],"retain":[26],"state":[27,73],"without":[28],"power.":[29],"Clocking":[30],"requirements":[31],"lead":[32],"to":[33,70],"inherently":[34],"pipelined":[35,54],"circuits,":[36],"high":[38],"throughput":[39],"further":[40],"improves":[41],"application-level":[42],"performance.":[43],"However,":[44],"bit":[45],"conflicts":[46],"--":[47,56],"will":[49],"occur":[50],"defect":[52],"free,":[53],"ensembles":[55],"make":[58],"non-volatile":[59],"volatile.":[61],"Assuming":[62],"a":[63],"field-based":[64],"clock,":[65],"we":[66],"present":[67],"hardware":[68],"designs":[69],"improve":[71],"steady":[72],"non-volatility,":[74],"explain":[76],"how":[77],"design":[78,88],"enhancements":[79],"increase":[81],"clock":[82,97],"energy.":[83,98],"We":[84],"then":[85],"suggest":[86],"materials-related":[87],"levers":[89],"simultaneously":[92],"deliver":[93],"non-volatility":[94],"low":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
