{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2113580342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208352","title":"Assessing the vulnerability of magnetic gestural authentication to video-based shoulder surfing attacks","display_name":"Assessing the vulnerability of magnetic gestural authentication to video-based shoulder surfing attacks","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2113580342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208352","mag":"2113580342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2207676.2208352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070491230","display_name":"Alireza Sahami Shirazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Sahami Shirazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008586469","display_name":"Peyman Moghadam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-3560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peyman Moghadam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autonomous Systems Laboratory, CSIRO ICT Centre, Brisbane, Australia","[Autonomous Systems Laboratory, CSIRO ICT Centre, Brisbane, Australia]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autonomous Systems Laboratory, CSIRO ICT Centre, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Autonomous Systems Laboratory, CSIRO ICT Centre, Brisbane, Australia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047412162","display_name":"Hamed Ketabdar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093367","display_name":"Deutsche Telekom (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8prc86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Ketabdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quality and Usability Lab, Deutsche Telekom Laboratories & TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quality and Usability Lab, Deutsche Telekom Laboratories & TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367","https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062196262","display_name":"Albrecht Schmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3890-1990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albrecht Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92546803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2045","last_page":"2048"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9674000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.7854645252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7572053670883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.7145881652832031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.702818751335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6642406582832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.5940720438957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.476229727268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3867071270942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.32336196303367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08546653389930725}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.7854645252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7572053670883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.7145881652832031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.702818751335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6642406582832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.5940720438957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.476229727268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3867071270942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32336196303367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08546653389930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2207676.2208352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:67c3f6e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402388","display_name":"Queensland's institutional digital repository (The University of Queensland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","host_organization_name":"The University of Queensland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W135685467","https://openalex.org/W1505010935","https://openalex.org/W1531770461","https://openalex.org/W1651612534","https://openalex.org/W2001456765","https://openalex.org/W2078483465","https://openalex.org/W2108525321","https://openalex.org/W2115034095","https://openalex.org/W2126453598","https://openalex.org/W2133258886","https://openalex.org/W2139094422","https://openalex.org/W2143023950","https://openalex.org/W2149929743","https://openalex.org/W2154123601"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W143386018","https://openalex.org/W2656445685","https://openalex.org/W1004582678","https://openalex.org/W2115218409","https://openalex.org/W2090949570","https://openalex.org/W2263162522","https://openalex.org/W2134080857","https://openalex.org/W1989237518","https://openalex.org/W2002093701","https://openalex.org/W4399463150"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Secure":[0],"user":[1,19],"authentication":[2,39,72,99,203],"on":[3,20,27,132],"mobile":[4,22],"phones":[5],"is":[6,112],"crucial,":[7],"as":[8],"they":[9],"store":[10],"highly":[11],"sensitive":[12],"information.":[13],"Common":[14],"approaches":[15],"to":[16,43,101,114,153,159,205],"authenticate":[17],"a":[18,21,29,31,35,96,109,118,133,168],"phone":[23],"are":[24,41,61],"based":[25],"either":[26],"entering":[28],"PIN,":[30],"password,":[32],"or":[33],"drawing":[34],"pattern.":[36],"However,":[37],"these":[38],"methods":[40],"vulnerable":[42],"the":[44,67,71,82,93,102,115,124,136,155,161,175,199],"shoulder":[45,104],"surfing":[46,105],"attack.":[47,106],"The":[48,163,191],"risk":[49],"of":[50,86,95,126,138,174],"this":[51,89,182],"attack":[52],"has":[53],"increased":[54],"since":[55],"means":[56],"for":[57],"recording":[58],"high-resolution":[59],"videos":[60,156],"cheaply":[62],"and":[63,76,150,157,211],"widely":[64],"accessible.":[65],"If":[66],"attacker":[68],"can":[69],"videotape":[70],"process,":[73],"PINs,":[74],"passwords,":[75],"patterns":[77],"do":[78],"not":[79],"even":[80],"provide":[81],"most":[83],"basic":[84],"level":[85,183],"security.":[87],"In":[88,117],"project,":[90],"we":[91,122],"assessed":[92],"vulnerability":[94],"magnetic":[97,130,200],"gestural":[98,201],"method":[100,204],"video-based":[103],"We":[107,145],"chose":[108],"scenario":[110],"that":[111,166,196],"favourable":[113],"attack-er.":[116],"real":[119],"world":[120],"environment,":[121],"videotaped":[123],"interactions":[125],"four":[127,142],"users":[128,197],"performing":[129],"signatures":[131],"phone,":[134],"in":[135],"presence":[137],"HD":[139],"cameras":[140],"from":[141],"different":[143],"angles.":[144],"then":[146],"recruited":[147],"22":[148],"participants":[149],"asked":[151],"them":[152],"watch":[154],"try":[158],"forge":[160],"signatures.":[162],"results":[164],"revealed":[165],"with":[167],"certain":[169],"threshold,":[170],"i.e,":[171],"th=1.67,":[172],"none":[173],"forging":[176],"attacks":[177],"was":[178],"successful,":[179],"whereas":[180],"at":[181],"all":[184],"eligible":[185],"login":[186],"attempts":[187],"were":[188],"successfully":[189],"recognized.":[190],"qualitative":[192],"feedback":[193],"also":[194],"indicated":[195],"found":[198],"signature":[202,213],"be":[206],"more":[207],"secure":[208],"than":[209],"PIN-based":[210],"2D":[212],"methods.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}