{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160631868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","title":"A challenge to web accessibility metrics and guidelines","display_name":"A challenge to web accessibility metrics and guidelines","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160631868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","mag":"2160631868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2207016.2207028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/8c51960a-9ae1-4bde-99b2-5662cb4e80b3","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051382803","display_name":"Martyn Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7076-1070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martyn Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Open University, Milton Keynes, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034195468","display_name":"David Sloan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8302-7879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","display_name":"University of Dundee","ror":"https://ror.org/03h2bxq36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Sloan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Dundee, Dundee, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Dundee, Dundee, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033897301","display_name":"Brian Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5875-8744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099434","display_name":"UKOLN","ror":"https://ror.org/0120y0t77","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099434"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["UKOLN, University of Bath, Bath, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UKOLN, University of Bath, Bath, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099434","https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007213229","display_name":"Sarah Lewthwaite","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4480-3705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Lewthwaite","raw_affiliation_strings":["King's Learning Institute, King's College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's Learning Institute, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051382803"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.9137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98928397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14234","display_name":"Data Privacy and Cybersecurity","score":0.9103000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9099000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.7296051979064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislation","display_name":"Legislation","score":0.7256366610527039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6656994819641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-accessibility","display_name":"Web accessibility","score":0.6465569734573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.6359407305717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.56483393907547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-standards","display_name":"Web standards","score":0.3768416941165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.36139094829559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.28861039876937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.17714041471481323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.7296051979064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.7256366610527039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6656994819641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194669863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808932","display_name":"Web accessibility","level":4,"score":0.6465569734573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.6359407305717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.56483393907547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182321512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153289","display_name":"Web standards","level":3,"score":0.3768416941165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.36139094829559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.28861039876937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17714041471481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2207016.2207028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:discovery.dundee.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/e8270b7d-28d4-4bff-8421-8975fe46c718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/e8270b7d-28d4-4bff-8421-8975fe46c718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400523","display_name":"Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","host_organization_name":"University of Dundee","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cooper, M, Sloan, D, Kelly, B & Lewthwaite, S 2012, A challenge to web accessibility metrics and guidelines : putting people and processes first. in W4A '12 : Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility . Association for Computing Machinery, New York, 9th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility, Lyon, France, 16/04/12. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:374516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374516/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:openaire/8c51960a-9ae1-4bde-99b2-5662cb4e80b3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/8c51960a-9ae1-4bde-99b2-5662cb4e80b3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cooper, M, Sloan, D, Kelly, B & Lewthwaite, S 2012, 'A challenge to web accessibility metrics and guidelines: putting people and processes first', Paper presented at W4A 2012: 9th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility, Lyon, 16/04/12 - 18/04/12. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","raw_type":"conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:publications/8c51960a-9ae1-4bde-99b2-5662cb4e80b3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/papers/a-challenge-to-web-accessibility-metrics-and-guidelines-putting-people-and-processes-first/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:openaire/8c51960a-9ae1-4bde-99b2-5662cb4e80b3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/8c51960a-9ae1-4bde-99b2-5662cb4e80b3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cooper, M, Sloan, D, Kelly, B & Lewthwaite, S 2012, 'A challenge to web accessibility metrics and guidelines: putting people and processes first', Paper presented at W4A 2012: 9th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility, Lyon, 16/04/12 - 18/04/12. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207016.2207028","raw_type":"conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44843588","https://openalex.org/W130691964","https://openalex.org/W2008111564","https://openalex.org/W2049124404","https://openalex.org/W2055306925","https://openalex.org/W2078044920","https://openalex.org/W2103581974","https://openalex.org/W2137264622","https://openalex.org/W2150888875"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2506999362","https://openalex.org/W3024743641","https://openalex.org/W2797395226","https://openalex.org/W2766074951","https://openalex.org/W1598466475","https://openalex.org/W2885182390","https://openalex.org/W2161626580","https://openalex.org/W2117998866","https://openalex.org/W2362566723","https://openalex.org/W2570674471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"argues":[2],"that":[3],"web":[4],"accessibility":[5],"is":[6,16],"not":[7],"an":[8],"intrinsic":[9],"characteristic":[10],"of":[11,35,55],"a":[12],"digital":[13],"resource":[14],"but":[15],"determined":[17],"by":[18],"complex":[19],"political,":[20],"social":[21],"and":[22],"other":[23],"contextual":[24],"factors,":[25],"as":[26,28],"well":[27],"technical":[29],"aspects":[30],"which":[31],"are":[32],"the":[33,56],"focus":[34,48],"WAI":[36],"standardisation":[37],"activities.":[38],"It":[39],"can":[40],"therefore":[41],"be":[42],"inappropriate":[43],"to":[44],"develop":[45],"legislation":[46],"or":[47],"on":[49],"metrics":[50],"only":[51],"associated":[52],"with":[53],"properties":[54],"resource.":[57]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
