{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165633874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185520.2185580","title":"Understanding and improving the realism of image composites","display_name":"Understanding and improving the realism of image composites","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165633874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185520.2185580","mag":"2165633874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2185520.2185580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185520.2185580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025744215","display_name":"Su Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112504929","display_name":"Aseem Agarwala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306409833","display_name":"Adobe Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059tvcg64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aseem Agarwala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adobe Systems, Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adobe Systems, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044238775","display_name":"Julie Dorsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2495-4979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julie Dorsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064638062","display_name":"Holly Rushmeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holly Rushmeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1293,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92183752,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compositing","display_name":"Compositing","score":0.9793199300765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realism","display_name":"Realism","score":0.6729274392127991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6285218596458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5351178646087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5284383296966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.4487883746623993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.4380866587162018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.43619608879089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.42742660641670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4229907989501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.41906601190567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4149879813194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.2995820641517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12351712584495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10780823230743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07591190934181213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.06651434302330017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129315195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121886","display_name":"Compositing","level":3,"score":0.9793199300765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543847140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642826","display_name":"Realism","level":2,"score":0.6729274392127991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6285218596458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5351178646087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5284383296966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.4487883746623993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4380866587162018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43619608879089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.42742660641670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4229907989501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.41906601190567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4149879813194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2995820641517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12351712584495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10780823230743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07591190934181213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.06651434302330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2185520.2185580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2185520.2185580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.365.5306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.365.5306","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://graphics.cs.yale.edu/su/pub/Sig12/compositing.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35410341","https://openalex.org/W180855370","https://openalex.org/W247576356","https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W1535390478","https://openalex.org/W1897507705","https://openalex.org/W1978508694","https://openalex.org/W1993465480","https://openalex.org/W1994831770","https://openalex.org/W1997488488","https://openalex.org/W2025328853","https://openalex.org/W2052003757","https://openalex.org/W2065740805","https://openalex.org/W2070604790","https://openalex.org/W2072387895","https://openalex.org/W2078051584","https://openalex.org/W2081698350","https://openalex.org/W2100001370","https://openalex.org/W2109815552","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2129112648","https://openalex.org/W2146241755","https://openalex.org/W2149169741","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2157887643","https://openalex.org/W2164147879","https://openalex.org/W2296168388","https://openalex.org/W2945608433","https://openalex.org/W2997095758","https://openalex.org/W3138063419","https://openalex.org/W4230472795","https://openalex.org/W4243742982","https://openalex.org/W4246574671","https://openalex.org/W4297924266","https://openalex.org/W4321466059","https://openalex.org/W4361772798","https://openalex.org/W4377983905","https://openalex.org/W6610017368","https://openalex.org/W6668440606","https://openalex.org/W6679903871","https://openalex.org/W7048900209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2605318953","https://openalex.org/W2098628853","https://openalex.org/W4242350840","https://openalex.org/W2363688420","https://openalex.org/W2052474806","https://openalex.org/W1987604956","https://openalex.org/W2294464347","https://openalex.org/W6226529","https://openalex.org/W1022499767","https://openalex.org/W2946952476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compositing":[0],"is":[1,32],"one":[2],"of":[3,19,48,56,73,95,128,135],"the":[4,17,20,46,71,86,133],"most":[5,67],"commonly":[6],"performed":[7],"operations":[8],"in":[9,69,88,110,121],"computer":[10],"graphics.":[11],"A":[12],"realistic":[13],"composite":[14,96],"requires":[15],"adjusting":[16],"appearance":[18],"foreground":[21,112],"and":[22,34,40,62,131,139],"background":[23,120],"so":[24],"that":[25,65,104],"they":[26],"appear":[27],"compatible;":[28],"unfortunately,":[29],"this":[30],"task":[31],"challenging":[33],"poorly":[35],"understood.":[36],"We":[37,124],"use":[38],"statistical":[39,60,108],"visual":[41],"perception":[42],"experiments":[43],"to":[44,83,113],"study":[45],"realism":[47,72],"image":[49,59],"composites.":[50],"First,":[51],"we":[52,77,99],"evaluate":[53,132],"a":[54,74,79,101,111,122,126,143],"number":[55,127],"standard":[57],"2D":[58],"measures,":[61],"identify":[63],"those":[64],"are":[66],"significant":[68],"determining":[70],"composite.":[75,123],"Then,":[76],"perform":[78],"human":[80,93,144],"subjects":[81,145],"experiment":[82],"determine":[84],"how":[85],"changes":[87],"these":[89,107],"key":[90],"statistics":[91],"influence":[92],"judgements":[94],"realism.":[97],"Finally,":[98],"describe":[100],"data-driven":[102],"algorithm":[103,138],"automatically":[105],"adjusts":[106],"measures":[109],"make":[114],"it":[115],"more":[116],"compatible":[117],"with":[118,142],"its":[119],"show":[125],"compositing":[129],"results,":[130],"performance":[134],"both":[136],"our":[137],"previous":[140],"work":[141],"study.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
