{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165663045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168836.2168855","title":"Cache craftiness for fast multicore key-value storage","display_name":"Cache craftiness for fast multicore key-value storage","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165663045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168836.2168855","mag":"2165663045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2168836.2168855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168836.2168855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10728827","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045755947","display_name":"Yandong Mao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yandong Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046950574","display_name":"Eddie Kohler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-0035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eddie Kohler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103550728","display_name":"Robert Tappan Morris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Tappan Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045755947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.2156,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":461,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9966414,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"183","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8688316941261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trie","display_name":"Trie","score":0.7592246532440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6478875875473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.6267178058624268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.5755824446678162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5488340854644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-coherence","display_name":"Cache coherence","score":0.5336329340934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","score":0.5321551561355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4840318560600281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.4715157747268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency-control","display_name":"Concurrency control","score":0.4586101174354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-tree","display_name":"B-tree","score":0.45630472898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linked-list","display_name":"Linked list","score":0.4501752555370331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.44313207268714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistent-data-structure","display_name":"Persistent data structure","score":0.4174790382385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37968000769615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.3161349892616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.276787132024765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.27406612038612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20003753900527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.16689324378967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.12737709283828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-algorithms","display_name":"Cache algorithms","score":0.09259581565856934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8688316941261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190290938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387015","display_name":"Trie","level":3,"score":0.7592246532440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6478875875473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6267178058624268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.5755824446678162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5488340854644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141917322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1025017","display_name":"Cache coherence","level":5,"score":0.5336329340934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.5321551561355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4840318560600281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.4715157747268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84511453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914952","display_name":"Concurrency control","level":3,"score":0.4586101174354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78669399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677051","display_name":"B-tree","level":3,"score":0.45630472898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146101286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7003418","display_name":"Linked list","level":2,"score":0.4501752555370331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.44313207268714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C888380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2427787","display_name":"Persistent data structure","level":2,"score":0.4174790382385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37968000769615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.3161349892616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.276787132024765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.27406612038612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20003753900527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.16689324378967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.12737709283828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.09259581565856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2168836.2168855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168836.2168855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/10728827","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10728827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.230.7749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.230.7749","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/papers/masstree%3Aeurosys12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.297.8182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.297.8182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/papers/masstree:eurosys12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/72690","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MIT web domain","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/10728827","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10728827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1247379885","display_name":"CSR-PSCE, SM:    An Operating System for Multi-core Processors","funder_award_id":"0834415","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3494552365","display_name":"CSR: Small: CoreTime: Dynamic Computation Migration for Multicore System Software","funder_award_id":"0915164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539221976","https://openalex.org/W1570320352","https://openalex.org/W1754716214","https://openalex.org/W1965403836","https://openalex.org/W1981420413","https://openalex.org/W1985229168","https://openalex.org/W1994085050","https://openalex.org/W1998663979","https://openalex.org/W2008627910","https://openalex.org/W2037484700","https://openalex.org/W2063319420","https://openalex.org/W2080723374","https://openalex.org/W2087946700","https://openalex.org/W2088310495","https://openalex.org/W2105220449","https://openalex.org/W2105754437","https://openalex.org/W2108179552","https://openalex.org/W2110160586","https://openalex.org/W2119251905","https://openalex.org/W2143876821","https://openalex.org/W2150054597","https://openalex.org/W2153704625","https://openalex.org/W2155070484","https://openalex.org/W2160404300","https://openalex.org/W2185655604","https://openalex.org/W2187800381","https://openalex.org/W2337480916","https://openalex.org/W3138135046","https://openalex.org/W3160240113","https://openalex.org/W4253975767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200161726","https://openalex.org/W2044935290","https://openalex.org/W4212869709","https://openalex.org/W2578575447","https://openalex.org/W2383575413","https://openalex.org/W2097021191","https://openalex.org/W1972396948","https://openalex.org/W4319999473","https://openalex.org/W2165663045","https://openalex.org/W3177419060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,110],"present":[1],"Masstree,":[2],"a":[3,22,31,35,74],"fast":[4],"key-value":[5],"database":[6],"designed":[7],"for":[8],"SMP":[9],"machines.":[10],"Masstree":[11,103],"keeps":[12],"all":[13],"data":[14,19,82],"in":[15],"memory.":[16],"Its":[17],"main":[18],"structure":[20,39],"is":[21,104],"trie-like":[23],"concatenation":[24],"of":[25,28,34,98],"B+-trees,":[26],"each":[27,66],"which":[29],"handles":[30,41],"fixed-length":[32],"slice":[33],"variable-length":[36],"key.":[37],"This":[38],"effectively":[40],"arbitrary-length":[42],"possiblybinary":[43],"keys,":[44],"including":[45],"keys":[46],"with":[47],"long":[48],"shared":[49,81],"prefixes.":[50],"+-tree":[51],"fanout":[52],"was":[53],"chosen":[54],"to":[55,107],"minimize":[56],"total":[57],"DRAM":[58],"delay":[59],"when":[60],"descending":[61],"the":[62,105],"tree":[63,67],"and":[64,77,90,94,114],"prefetching":[65],"node.":[68],"Lookups":[69],"use":[70],"optimistic":[71],"concurrency":[72],"control,":[73],"read-copy-update-like":[75],"technique,":[76],"do":[78],"not":[79],"write":[80],"structures;":[83],"updates":[84],"lock":[85],"only":[86],"affected":[87],"nodes.":[88],"Logging":[89],"checkpointing":[91],"provide":[92],"consistency":[93],"durability.":[95],"Though":[96],"some":[97],"these":[99],"ideas":[100],"appear":[101],"elsewhere,":[102],"first":[106],"combine":[108],"them.":[109],"discuss":[111],"design":[112],"variants":[113],"their":[115],"consequences.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}