{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069528928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168564","title":"A probabilistic approach for the estimation of angle kappa in infants","display_name":"A probabilistic approach for the estimation of angle kappa in infants","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069528928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168564","mag":"2069528928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2168556.2168564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112322498","display_name":"Dmitri Model","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitri Model","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059207320","display_name":"Moshe Eizenman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4456-5295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moshe Eizenman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8867,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75126728,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9686999917030334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kappa","display_name":"Kappa","score":0.8380205631256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.7459944486618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.7187058329582214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-angle","display_name":"Visual angle","score":0.619873583316803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5778524875640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewing-angle","display_name":"Viewing angle","score":0.45453837513923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.45119357109069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohens-kappa","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","score":0.4460521340370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.4324977993965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-range","display_name":"Target range","score":0.4320322871208191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4228306710720062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40305668115615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38546907901763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.13790541887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07443505525588989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778724333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14401","display_name":"Kappa","level":2,"score":0.8380205631256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.7459944486618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.7187058329582214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200756006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336092","display_name":"Visual angle","level":2,"score":0.619873583316803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5778524875640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q351676","display_name":"Viewing angle","level":3,"score":0.45453837513923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.45119357109069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163864269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107106","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","level":2,"score":0.4460521340370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4324977993965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019316490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7685903","display_name":"Target range","level":2,"score":0.4320322871208191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4228306710720062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40305668115615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38546907901763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.13790541887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07443505525588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128019096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83341","display_name":"Liquid-crystal display","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2168556.2168564","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2168556.2168564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497599070","https://openalex.org/W1512876644","https://openalex.org/W1981323225","https://openalex.org/W2015795623","https://openalex.org/W2029077536","https://openalex.org/W2033995932","https://openalex.org/W2053155900","https://openalex.org/W2069631400","https://openalex.org/W2092507553","https://openalex.org/W2092785577","https://openalex.org/W2108604008","https://openalex.org/W2113165517","https://openalex.org/W2135346731","https://openalex.org/W2158863665","https://openalex.org/W2516431700","https://openalex.org/W2897408562","https://openalex.org/W6630439785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967594194","https://openalex.org/W1444168786","https://openalex.org/W2294084971","https://openalex.org/W2148964467","https://openalex.org/W2281321759","https://openalex.org/W2474048269","https://openalex.org/W2792864698","https://openalex.org/W1966976587","https://openalex.org/W2292870489","https://openalex.org/W4294214983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,33],"probabilistic":[4],"approach":[5,23],"for":[6,102],"the":[7,10,13,43,48,74,99,106,113],"estimation":[8],"of":[9,73,88,105,119],"angle":[11,77,120],"between":[12,116],"optical":[14],"and":[15,57],"visual":[16],"axes":[17],"(angle":[18],"kappa)":[19],"in":[20],"infants.":[21],"The":[22],"assumes":[24],"that":[25,66],"when":[26,67],"patterned":[27],"calibration":[28,44,100],"targets":[29,45],"are":[30,37],"presented":[31,61,75],"on":[32,60],"uniform":[34,49],"background,":[35,50],"subjects":[36,68],"more":[38],"likely":[39],"to":[40,70,98,111],"look":[41],"at":[42,47],"than":[46],"but":[51],"it":[52],"does":[53],"not":[54],"require":[55],"accurate":[56],"continuous":[58],"fixation":[59],"targets.":[62],"Simulations":[63],"results":[64],"show":[65],"attend":[69],"roughly":[71],"half":[72],"targets,":[76],"kappa":[78,121],"can":[79],"be":[80],"estimated":[81],"accurately":[82],"with":[83,93],"low":[84],"probability":[85],"(<":[86],"1%)":[87],"false":[89],"detection.":[90],"In":[91],"experiments":[92],"five":[94],"babies":[95],"who":[96],"attended":[97],"target":[101],"only":[103],"47%":[104],"time":[107],"(range":[108],"from":[109],"26%":[110],"70%),":[112],"average":[114],"difference":[115],"repeated":[117],"measurements":[118],"was":[122],"0.04":[123],"\u00b1":[124],"0.31\u00b0.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}