{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042777048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2155620.2155667","title":"Encore","display_name":"Encore","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042777048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2155620.2155667","mag":"2042777048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2155620.2155667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2155620.2155667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110112858","display_name":"Shuguang Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuguang Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064330876","display_name":"Shantanu Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-1612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shantanu Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049130587","display_name":"Amin Ansari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002075773","display_name":"Scott Mahlke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0438-0616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott A. Mahlke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008319090","display_name":"David I. August","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3327-1803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David I. August","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","Dept. of Computer Sci., Princeton Univ., NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Sci., Princeton Univ., NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110112858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.78371849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94379867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"398","last_page":"409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rollback","display_name":"Rollback","score":0.7995474934577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7552613615989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6060649752616882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.549449622631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.511779248714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-injection","display_name":"Fault injection","score":0.5086837410926819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.4815835952758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4629443883895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.43836838006973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.43407073616981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.4278267025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.27880507707595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.2405003011226654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1764598786830902}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174220543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395307","display_name":"Rollback","level":3,"score":0.7995474934577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7552613615989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6060649752616882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.549449622631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.511779248714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775928411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041312","display_name":"Fault injection","level":3,"score":0.5086837410926819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.4815835952758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4629443883895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.43836838006973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.43407073616981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.4278267025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27880507707595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2405003011226654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1764598786830902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2155620.2155667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2155620.2155667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2122007603","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-0916689CNS-0964478","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337387","funder_display_name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3796959679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-0916689CNS-0964478","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","funder_display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337387","display_name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations","ror":"https://ror.org/01mng8331"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdzmk74"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482022028","https://openalex.org/W1491178396","https://openalex.org/W1579215414","https://openalex.org/W1864485850","https://openalex.org/W1998525920","https://openalex.org/W2008482633","https://openalex.org/W2011341849","https://openalex.org/W2034593585","https://openalex.org/W2097018539","https://openalex.org/W2100866260","https://openalex.org/W2101580666","https://openalex.org/W2102480715","https://openalex.org/W2105372251","https://openalex.org/W2111678563","https://openalex.org/W2115081151","https://openalex.org/W2116059696","https://openalex.org/W2118338314","https://openalex.org/W2121605616","https://openalex.org/W2121695474","https://openalex.org/W2123907700","https://openalex.org/W2126869140","https://openalex.org/W2127930651","https://openalex.org/W2128941141","https://openalex.org/W2132195400","https://openalex.org/W2132362854","https://openalex.org/W2133000954","https://openalex.org/W2134864637","https://openalex.org/W2144512449","https://openalex.org/W2146065717","https://openalex.org/W2153185479","https://openalex.org/W2156204788","https://openalex.org/W2162351670","https://openalex.org/W2166241631","https://openalex.org/W2275606101","https://openalex.org/W2296253867","https://openalex.org/W4242315265","https://openalex.org/W4255519882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075454349","https://openalex.org/W2145855242","https://openalex.org/W2010356481","https://openalex.org/W2103295733","https://openalex.org/W1862835629","https://openalex.org/W2099111379","https://openalex.org/W2136799148","https://openalex.org/W2897533804","https://openalex.org/W2890506991","https://openalex.org/W1981030524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"meet":[1],"an":[2],"insatiable":[3],"consumer":[4],"demand":[5],"for":[6,57,83,105,114],"greater":[7],"performance":[8],"at":[9,31,139],"less":[10,89],"power,":[11],"silicon":[12],"technology":[13],"has":[14,29,48],"scaled":[15],"to":[16,128,152],"unprecedented":[17],"dimensions.":[18],"However,":[19],"the":[20,32,37,69,150,161],"pursuit":[21],"of":[22,34,39,62,71,163,176,186],"faster":[23],"processors":[24],"and":[25,86,124],"longer":[26],"battery":[27],"life":[28],"come":[30],"cost":[33],"reliability.":[35],"Given":[36],"rise":[38],"processor":[40],"reliability":[41],"as":[42],"a":[43,50,99],"first-order":[44],"design":[45],"constraint,":[46],"there":[47],"been":[49],"growing":[51],"interest":[52],"in":[53,77,91],"low-cost,":[54],"non-intrusive":[55],"techniques":[56],"transient":[58,155,187],"fault":[59,101],"detection.":[60],"Many":[61],"these":[63,106],"recent":[64],"proposals":[65],"have":[66],"counted":[67],"on":[68,182],"availability":[70],"hardware":[72,81,112,159],"recovery":[73,87,102],"mechanisms.":[74],"Although":[75],"common":[76,90],"aggressive":[78],"out-of-order":[79],"cores,":[80],"support":[82,113],"speculative":[84,115],"rollback":[85,116],"is":[88],"lower-end":[92],"commodity":[93],"processors.":[94],"This":[95],"paper":[96],"presents":[97],"Encore,":[98,172],"software-based":[100],"mechanism":[103],"tailored":[104],"lower-cost":[107],"systems":[108],"that":[109,134,171],"lack":[110],"native":[111],"recovery.":[117],"Encore":[118,148],"combines":[119],"program":[120],"analysis,":[121],"profile":[122],"data,":[123],"simple":[125],"code":[126,132],"transformations":[127],"create":[129],"statistically":[130],"idempotent":[131],"regions":[133],"can":[135,179],"recover":[136,153],"from":[137,154,184],"faults":[138,156,188],"very":[140],"little":[141],"cost.":[142],"Using":[143],"this":[144],"software-only,":[145],"compiler-based":[146],"approach,":[147],"provides":[149],"ability":[151],"without":[157],"specialized":[158],"or":[160],"costs":[162],"traditional,":[164],"full-system":[165],"checkpointing":[166],"solutions.":[167],"Experimental":[168],"results":[169],"show":[170],"with":[173,191],"just":[174],"14%":[175],"runtime":[177],"overhead,":[178],"safely":[180],"recover,":[181],"average":[183],"97%":[185],"when":[189],"coupled":[190],"existing":[192],"detection":[193],"schemes.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
