{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997154650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2124436.2124452","title":"Centrally distributed","display_name":"Centrally distributed","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997154650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2124436.2124452","mag":"1997154650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2124436.2124452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2124436.2124452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Principles, Systems and Applications of IP Telecommunications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080267853","display_name":"Bruce Lowekamp","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce B. Lowekamp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Skype"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Skype","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080267853"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10780978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12720","display_name":"Multimedia Communication and Technology","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7512461543083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7104315757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.691928505897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6719704270362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6412237882614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6083186864852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4104403257369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3805995583534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3318674564361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3231174647808075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14204582571983337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7512461543083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7104315757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.691928505897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6719704270362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6412237882614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6083186864852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4104403257369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3805995583534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3318674564361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3231174647808075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14204582571983337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2124436.2124452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2124436.2124452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Principles, Systems and Applications of IP Telecommunications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162733677"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W2092530219","https://openalex.org/W2388464034","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2533125852","https://openalex.org/W2140460949","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2251605416","https://openalex.org/W2560439919","https://openalex.org/W4389340727"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"past":[1],"decades":[2],"have":[3],"seen":[4],"rapid":[5],"advances":[6],"in":[7,78,104],"both":[8],"the":[9,16,25,72,79,82,85,95,101],"technologies":[10],"we":[11,59],"use":[12,35],"to":[13,42,56,108],"communicate":[14],"and":[15,48,66,98],"very":[17],"definition":[18],"of":[19,28,36,74,81,84],"personal":[20],"communication.":[21],"Skype":[22],"has":[23,39,70],"demonstrated":[24],"commercial":[26],"success":[27],"P2P":[29],"technology":[30,69],"for":[31,50],"Internet":[32],"communications.":[33],"Others'":[34],"centralized":[37],"servers":[38],"given":[40],"way":[41],"cloud-based":[43],"products":[44,89],"that":[45],"offer":[46],"scalability":[47],"reliability":[49,77],"modern":[51,86],"communications":[52],"platforms.":[53],"Communications":[54],"continue":[55],"evolve":[57],"as":[58],"see":[60],"web":[61],"applications":[62],"incorporating":[63],"real-time":[64],"voice":[65],"video.":[67],"Each":[68],"addressed":[71],"challenge":[73],"delivering":[75],"excellent":[76],"face":[80],"challenges":[83],"Internet.":[87],"Reliable":[88],"are":[90],"being":[91],"delivered,":[92],"but":[93],"despite":[94],"different":[96],"architectures":[97],"careful":[99],"testing,":[100],"common":[102],"denominator":[103],"significant":[105],"failures":[106],"continues":[107],"be":[109],"software":[110],"behavior":[111],"at":[112],"scale.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}