{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2135776689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2108242.2108243","title":"Probabilistic \u03c9-automata","display_name":"Probabilistic \u03c9-automata","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2135776689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2108242.2108243","mag":"2135776689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2108242.2108243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2108242.2108243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118992489","display_name":"Journal of the ACM","issn_l":"0004-5411","issn":["0004-5411","1557-735X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091344667","display_name":"Christel Baier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-9343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christel Baier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany","Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015505764","display_name":"Marcus Gr\u00f6\u00dfer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus Gr\u00f6sser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany","Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019307337","display_name":"Nathalie Bertrand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-5394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133778","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04040yw90","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210133778"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathalie Bertrand","raw_affiliation_strings":["INRIA Rennes Bretagne Atlantique, France","Inria Rennes Bretagne-Atlantique, France#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INRIA Rennes Bretagne Atlantique, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210133778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria Rennes Bretagne-Atlantique, France#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.6881,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99000383,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondeterministic-algorithm","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","score":0.6946444511413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6881670355796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5695087313652039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5362699627876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5278577208518982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.5051930546760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-automaton","display_name":"Probabilistic automaton","score":0.4272240400314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3389667868614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32527291774749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20029419660568237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1224563717842102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176181172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3490301","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6946444511413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6881670355796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5695087313652039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5362699627876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5278577208518982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.5051930546760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174784677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176567","display_name":"Probabilistic automaton","level":3,"score":0.4272240400314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3389667868614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32527291774749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20029419660568237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1224563717842102}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2108242.2108243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2108242.2108243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118992489","display_name":"Journal of the ACM","issn_l":"0004-5411","issn":["0004-5411","1557-735X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00743907v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-00743907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM (JACM), 2012, 59 (1), pp.1:1-1:52. &#x27E8;10.1145/2108242.2108243&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124331494","https://openalex.org/W158205031","https://openalex.org/W1482244486","https://openalex.org/W1484113995","https://openalex.org/W1485231064","https://openalex.org/W1490980615","https://openalex.org/W1494426349","https://openalex.org/W1507981754","https://openalex.org/W1515891729","https://openalex.org/W1521651075","https://openalex.org/W1534114040","https://openalex.org/W1545342196","https://openalex.org/W1548199501","https://openalex.org/W1563982778","https://openalex.org/W1574229394","https://openalex.org/W1728602962","https://openalex.org/W1734951714","https://openalex.org/W1778174682","https://openalex.org/W1790469418","https://openalex.org/W1850900101","https://openalex.org/W1851152565","https://openalex.org/W1970088948","https://openalex.org/W1970751235","https://openalex.org/W1972203711","https://openalex.org/W1977070092","https://openalex.org/W1987322712","https://openalex.org/W1988501450","https://openalex.org/W2019881090","https://openalex.org/W2020293036","https://openalex.org/W2031592188","https://openalex.org/W2032100464","https://openalex.org/W2055298790","https://openalex.org/W2065087844","https://openalex.org/W2069888227","https://openalex.org/W2090567381","https://openalex.org/W2091188761","https://openalex.org/W2091750535","https://openalex.org/W2092977061","https://openalex.org/W2096009691","https://openalex.org/W2098737431","https://openalex.org/W2099863033","https://openalex.org/W2100071133","https://openalex.org/W2106923343","https://openalex.org/W2107081125","https://openalex.org/W2123651102","https://openalex.org/W2135432862","https://openalex.org/W2137255106","https://openalex.org/W2165161585","https://openalex.org/W2337623929","https://openalex.org/W2505530171","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2748837517","https://openalex.org/W2751862591","https://openalex.org/W4212875940","https://openalex.org/W4213269876","https://openalex.org/W4242441073","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298289668","https://openalex.org/W6607146963","https://openalex.org/W6633342049","https://openalex.org/W6638352968","https://openalex.org/W6643052753","https://openalex.org/W7038906009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2278329956","https://openalex.org/W1996880246","https://openalex.org/W3008777928","https://openalex.org/W2950416039","https://openalex.org/W1517042805","https://openalex.org/W249340682","https://openalex.org/W2161824925","https://openalex.org/W2888947890","https://openalex.org/W1597181838","https://openalex.org/W3149394920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Probabilistic":[0],"\u03c9-automata":[1,49,77,131,138],"are":[2,13],"variants":[3],"of":[4,19,46,61,72,75,129],"nondeterministic":[5,137],"automata":[6],"over":[7],"infinite":[8,24],"words":[9],"where":[10],"all":[11],"choices":[12],"resolved":[14],"by":[15,53],"probabilistic":[16,48,76,130],"distributions.":[17],"Acceptance":[18],"a":[20,47,55,70,117,127],"run":[21],"for":[22,34,121],"an":[23,109],"input":[25],"word":[26],"can":[27],"be":[28],"defined":[29,52],"using":[30],"traditional":[31],"acceptance":[32,89,97,123],"criteria":[33],"\u03c9-automata,":[35],"such":[36,159],"as":[37,160],"B\u00fcchi,":[38],"Rabin":[39],"or":[40,163],"Streett":[41],"conditions.":[42],"The":[43],"accepted":[44],"language":[45,164],"is":[50],"then":[51],"imposing":[54],"constraint":[56],"on":[57,108],"the":[58,62,83,92,103,122,149],"probability":[59,99,119],"measure":[60],"accepting":[63],"runs.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68,144],"study":[69],"series":[71],"fundamental":[73],"properties":[74,147],"with":[78,98],"three":[79,134],"different":[80],"language-semantics:":[81],"(1)":[82],"probable":[84],"semantics":[85,94,105,135],"that":[86,95,106,115],"requires":[87,96],"positive":[88],"probability,":[90],"(2)":[91],"almost-sure":[93],"1,":[100],"and":[101,136,141,154,156],"(3)":[102],"threshold":[104],"relies":[107],"additional":[110],"parameter":[111],"\u03bb":[112],"\u2208":[113],"]0,1[":[114],"specifies":[116],"lower":[118],"bound":[120],"probability.":[124],"We":[125],"provide":[126],"comparison":[128],"under":[132,148],"these":[133],"concerning":[139],"expressiveness":[140],"efficiency.":[142],"Furthermore,":[143],"address":[145],"closure":[146],"Boolean":[150],"operators":[151],"union,":[152],"intersection":[153],"complementation":[155],"algorithmic":[157],"aspects,":[158],"checking":[161],"emptiness":[162],"containment.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
