{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048531734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2090116.2090124","title":"A unified framework for multi-level analysis of distributed learning","display_name":"A unified framework for multi-level analysis of distributed learning","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048531734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2090116.2090124","mag":"2048531734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2090116.2090124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2090116.2090124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090478854","display_name":"Daniel D. Suthers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7510-155X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331384533","display_name":"University of Hawaii System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Suthers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899","https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021164613","display_name":"Devan Rosen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87424562","display_name":"Ithaca College","ror":"https://ror.org/01kw1gj07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87424562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devan Rosen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87424562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8817,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97199533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"64","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9384999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7344460487365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artifact","display_name":"Artifact (error)","score":0.582514226436615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5575557351112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5197739005088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situated","display_name":"Situated","score":0.5095234513282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4666305482387543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency","display_name":"Contingency","score":0.4315018355846405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-relation","display_name":"Transitive relation","score":0.4274802803993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centrality","display_name":"Centrality","score":0.42472583055496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.279838502407074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11969152092933655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7344460487365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.582514226436615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5575557351112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5197739005088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132829578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581151","display_name":"Situated","level":2,"score":0.5095234513282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4666305482387543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97508593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359069","display_name":"Contingency","level":2,"score":0.4315018355846405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191399111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64861","display_name":"Transitive relation","level":2,"score":0.4274802803993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.42472583055496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.279838502407074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11969152092933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2090116.2090124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2090116.2090124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.ithaca.edu:scopus_articles-2413","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.ithaca.edu/scopus_articles/1414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196817","display_name":"Digital Collections - Ithaca College Library (Ithaca College)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I87424562","host_organization_name":"Ithaca College","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87424562"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Articles Indexed in Scopus","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/22836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22836","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401722","display_name":"ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","host_organization_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G479008700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"943147","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18862804","https://openalex.org/W21469323","https://openalex.org/W25394949","https://openalex.org/W104524274","https://openalex.org/W166861388","https://openalex.org/W178349967","https://openalex.org/W249883844","https://openalex.org/W639252838","https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1495086477","https://openalex.org/W1516666697","https://openalex.org/W1542138284","https://openalex.org/W1560161251","https://openalex.org/W1572955664","https://openalex.org/W1580565670","https://openalex.org/W1594264159","https://openalex.org/W1607337037","https://openalex.org/W1791834434","https://openalex.org/W1971670344","https://openalex.org/W1979270983","https://openalex.org/W1980174538","https://openalex.org/W1988496957","https://openalex.org/W1994434576","https://openalex.org/W2008671681","https://openalex.org/W2024642405","https://openalex.org/W2039688301","https://openalex.org/W2061901927","https://openalex.org/W2063790518","https://openalex.org/W2064467090","https://openalex.org/W2075990009","https://openalex.org/W2076592045","https://openalex.org/W2080560262","https://openalex.org/W2088076780","https://openalex.org/W2091770503","https://openalex.org/W2095927771","https://openalex.org/W2099106074","https://openalex.org/W2102709459","https://openalex.org/W2104357911","https://openalex.org/W2104635582","https://openalex.org/W2109410512","https://openalex.org/W2114003275","https://openalex.org/W2115773325","https://openalex.org/W2120135821","https://openalex.org/W2121694819","https://openalex.org/W2124632929","https://openalex.org/W2126974659","https://openalex.org/W2131852748","https://openalex.org/W2133264780","https://openalex.org/W2161929554","https://openalex.org/W2169085968","https://openalex.org/W2170643162","https://openalex.org/W2185062848","https://openalex.org/W2240277553","https://openalex.org/W2275858198","https://openalex.org/W2321270545","https://openalex.org/W2523672917","https://openalex.org/W2523763634","https://openalex.org/W2528260345","https://openalex.org/W2914849985","https://openalex.org/W3092034951","https://openalex.org/W4235697807","https://openalex.org/W4248341177","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4388174267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600697036","https://openalex.org/W2155106162","https://openalex.org/W1601337804","https://openalex.org/W2035858348","https://openalex.org/W2010047220","https://openalex.org/W2165440188","https://openalex.org/W2552595315","https://openalex.org/W4231598561","https://openalex.org/W2497634305","https://openalex.org/W3201285682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"and":[1,10,25,39,48,60,63,93,125,150,199],"knowledge":[2,49],"creation":[3,50],"is":[4],"often":[5],"distributed":[6,37,46,91],"across":[7,22],"multiple":[8,23,99],"media":[9],"sites":[11],"in":[12,74],"networked":[13],"environments.":[14],"Traces":[15],"of":[16,36,54,58,64,90,101,123,154,158,186,197],"such":[17],"activity":[18,68],"may":[19,26,118,169],"be":[20,119,170,178],"fragmented":[21],"logs":[24],"not":[27],"match":[28],"analytic":[29,88,95,167,192],"needs.":[30],"As":[31],"a":[32,75,86],"result,":[33],"the":[34,55,183,191],"coherence":[35],"interaction":[38,124],"emergent":[40],"phenomena":[41,73],"are":[42,105,132,145],"analytically":[43],"cloaked.":[44],"Understanding":[45],"learning":[47],"requires":[51],"multi-level":[52],"analysis":[53,198],"situated":[56],"accomplishments":[57],"individuals":[59],"small":[61],"groups":[62],"how":[65,141,190],"this":[66],"local":[67],"gives":[69],"rise":[70],"to":[71,107,135,163,182],"larger":[72],"network.":[76],"We":[77,188],"have":[78],"developed":[79],"an":[80,94],"abstract":[81],"transcript":[82],"representation":[83],"that":[84,97,110,139,175],"provides":[85],"unified":[87],"artifact":[89],"activity,":[92],"hierarchy":[96,193],"supports":[98],"levels":[100,185,196],"analysis.":[102,187],"Log":[103],"files":[104],"abstracted":[106,134],"directed":[108,137],"graphs":[109,131,138],"record":[111,140],"observed":[112],"relationships":[113],"(contingencies)":[114],"between":[115,128,143,195],"events,":[116],"which":[117,164],"interpreted":[120,179],"as":[121],"evidence":[122],"other":[126,184],"influences":[127],"actors.":[129],"Contingency":[130],"further":[133],"two-mode":[136],"associations":[142],"actors":[144],"mediated":[146],"by":[147,180],"digital":[148],"artifacts":[149],"summarize":[151],"sequential":[152],"patterns":[153],"interaction.":[155],"Transitive":[156],"closure":[157],"these":[159],"associograms":[160],"creates":[161],"sociograms,":[162],"existing":[165],"network":[166],"techniques":[168],"applied,":[171],"yielding":[172],"aggregate":[173],"results":[174],"can":[176],"then":[177],"reference":[181],"discuss":[189],"bridges":[194],"theory.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
