{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024102412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2077341.2077344","title":"Physically-based simulation of rainbows","display_name":"Physically-based simulation of rainbows","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024102412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2077341.2077344","mag":"2024102412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2077341.2077344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103761106","display_name":"Iman Sadeghi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iman Sadeghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101897949","display_name":"Adolfo Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8160-7159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adolfo Munoz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Zaragoza"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Zaragoza","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053120267","display_name":"Philip Laven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7044-0067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105934","display_name":"Horsley Medical Practice","ror":"https://ror.org/01bq78n56","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105934"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Laven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horley, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horley, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105934"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009820805","display_name":"Wojciech Jarosz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1652-0954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142140","display_name":"Walt Disney (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04eg47h42","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wojciech Jarosz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Z\u00fcrich, University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Z\u00fcrich, University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142140","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008608827","display_name":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Ser\u00f3n Arbeloa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-4694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Seron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Zaragoza"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Zaragoza","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001550110","display_name":"Diego Guti\u00e9rrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7503-7022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Gutierrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Zaragoza"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Zaragoza","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007841391","display_name":"Henrik Wann Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5677-640X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik Wann Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.4751,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98173218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mie-scattering","display_name":"Mie scattering","score":0.7982625961303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.736932635307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.7127115726470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction","display_name":"Diffraction","score":0.6217970252037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainbow","display_name":"Rainbow","score":0.5839025378227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometrical-optics","display_name":"Geometrical optics","score":0.5831762552261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.5084111094474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-scatter","display_name":"Forward scatter","score":0.5005338191986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.4768606126308441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-scattering","display_name":"Light scattering","score":0.47499337792396545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavefront","display_name":"Wavefront","score":0.45331764221191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.4529191851615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-optics","display_name":"Physical optics","score":0.44677072763442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fresnel-diffraction","display_name":"Fresnel diffraction","score":0.4167127311229706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63688654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901737","display_name":"Mie scattering","level":4,"score":0.7982625961303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.736932635307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7127115726470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.6217970252037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776558979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052","display_name":"Rainbow","level":2,"score":0.5839025378227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110277352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467980","display_name":"Geometrical optics","level":2,"score":0.5831762552261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5084111094474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54644633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473287","display_name":"Forward scatter","level":3,"score":0.5005338191986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.4768606126308441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120456961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Light scattering","level":3,"score":0.47499337792396545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.45331764221191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4529191851615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154236941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942347","display_name":"Physical optics","level":2,"score":0.44677072763442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50282329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2286895","display_name":"Fresnel diffraction","level":3,"score":0.4167127311229706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2077341.2077344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.296.3051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.296.3051","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://graphics.ucsd.edu/~henrik/papers/physically_based_simulation_of_rainbows.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3710148400","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"251415","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334960","funder_display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4283927778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TIN2010-21543","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G528160207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"821155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334960","display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W942658472","https://openalex.org/W1485876394","https://openalex.org/W1495002650","https://openalex.org/W1534573938","https://openalex.org/W1539008672","https://openalex.org/W1567308657","https://openalex.org/W1570895503","https://openalex.org/W1599984094","https://openalex.org/W1672766972","https://openalex.org/W1754838066","https://openalex.org/W1966158099","https://openalex.org/W1971621888","https://openalex.org/W1985384423","https://openalex.org/W1998951969","https://openalex.org/W2010271664","https://openalex.org/W2014280366","https://openalex.org/W2038773787","https://openalex.org/W2045276693","https://openalex.org/W2048184102","https://openalex.org/W2055210113","https://openalex.org/W2061135523","https://openalex.org/W2104851773","https://openalex.org/W2115117471","https://openalex.org/W2117365511","https://openalex.org/W2119808096","https://openalex.org/W2121008165","https://openalex.org/W2121422678","https://openalex.org/W2129480988","https://openalex.org/W2136791165","https://openalex.org/W2138289413","https://openalex.org/W2142063750","https://openalex.org/W2148160712","https://openalex.org/W2148309695","https://openalex.org/W2155124612","https://openalex.org/W2155782014","https://openalex.org/W2157976982","https://openalex.org/W2158627284","https://openalex.org/W2614914845","https://openalex.org/W2979566831","https://openalex.org/W3013647688","https://openalex.org/W3083094549","https://openalex.org/W3145337465","https://openalex.org/W4234722181","https://openalex.org/W4236272618","https://openalex.org/W4248003669","https://openalex.org/W6768869046","https://openalex.org/W6925977938","https://openalex.org/W7042580269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2982680833","https://openalex.org/W1995196373","https://openalex.org/W2159391685","https://openalex.org/W2094163144","https://openalex.org/W4321265972","https://openalex.org/W3110360075","https://openalex.org/W2094373354","https://openalex.org/W2995132002","https://openalex.org/W2179997894","https://openalex.org/W2026682569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3,163],"derive":[4],"a":[5,93,98,165],"physically-based":[6,99],"model":[7,120],"for":[8,13,53,79,88,113,124],"simulating":[9,14,54,89],"rainbows.":[10],"Previous":[11],"techniques":[12],"rainbows":[15,55,146],"have":[16],"used":[17],"either":[18],"geometric":[19],"optics":[20],"(ray":[21],"tracing)":[22],"or":[23],"Lorenz-Mie":[24,26,59,122],"theory.":[25],"theory":[27,60,123],"is":[28,61,105,173],"by":[29,65,178],"far":[30],"the":[31,84,90,131,153,157,160,168],"most":[32],"accurate":[33,132],"technique":[34,87,104],"as":[35,43,58],"it":[36,68,128],"takes":[37],"into":[38],"account":[39,112],"optical":[40],"effects":[41,50],"such":[42],"dispersion,":[44,114],"polarization,":[45,115],"interference,":[46,116],"and":[47,117,147,162],"diffraction.":[48,118],"These":[49],"are":[51,76],"critical":[52],"accurately.":[56],"However,":[57],"restricted":[62],"to":[63,72,111,175],"scattering":[64],"spherical":[66,125],"particles,":[67,126],"cannot":[69],"be":[70,176],"applied":[71],"real":[73],"raindrops":[74,155],"which":[75,172],"nonspherical,":[77],"especially":[78],"larger":[80],"raindrops.":[81],"We":[82,150],"present":[83],"first":[85],"comprehensive":[86],"interaction":[91],"of":[92,95,134,159,167],"wavefront":[94],"light":[96],"with":[97],"water":[100,180],"drop":[101],"shape.":[102],"Our":[103,119],"based":[106],"on":[107],"ray":[108],"tracing":[109],"extended":[110],"matches":[121],"but":[127],"also":[129],"enables":[130],"simulation":[133,166],"nonspherical":[135,154,179],"particles.":[136],"It":[137],"can":[138],"simulate":[139],"many":[140],"different":[141],"rainbow":[142],"phenomena":[143],"including":[144],"double":[145],"supernumerary":[148],"bows.":[149],"show":[151],"how":[152],"influence":[156],"shape":[158],"rainbows,":[161],"provide":[164],"rare":[169],"twinned":[170],"rainbow,":[171],"believed":[174],"caused":[177],"drops.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
